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NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION NOTES Nonverbal Communication- Communication without words; a process by which an individual stimulates meaning in the mind of another person through intentional and unintentional messages through use of the body and voice Functions of Nonverbal Behavior: Repeat: Nonverbal message conveys the same idea as the verbal; can take either verbal or nonverbal message away and it still gives the same message Examples: saying “Hello” while waving or saying “Be quiet” while holding index finger up to your mouth Substitute: Nonverbal message replaces verbal message Examples: waving to say hello, thumbs up for “good job,” clapping at a concert, hitchhiker thumb Contradict: Nonverbal goes against verbal; they do not match up Examples: Nodding yes while shaking head no, saying “I’m fine” when your head is hanging down with slumped shoulders, etc. Complement: Nonverbal supports verbal; used to show how to do something, show sizes, or emphasize emotional feelings; we complement the verbal message with the nonverbal message when demonstrating something or giving directions & pointing Examples: “The fish was this big” while holding hands out to indicate size or “I’m so frustrated!” while shaking fists Accent: Use of gestures & facial expressions to emphasize or punctuate spoken words Examples: yelling “That’s it!” while pounding fist, emphasizing words through tone of voice, saying “My first point…” while holding up one finger Regulate: Nonverbal cues that control or regulate the interaction of flow of communication between ourselves and another person Examples: nodding head and saying “uh huh,” giving eye contact, opening mouth to speak, leaning forward, raising eyebrows, or raising index finger Areas of Study in Nonverbal Communication: Vocalics- Communication through voice (vocal cues other than words = paralanguage) such as… • Tone of voice/ pitch • Volume • Rate • Accent/ dialect Kinesics- The study of human movement and gesture, including facial expression & eye contact Affect displays- Nonverbal behaviors used to communicate emotions Examples: hugging someone to express love or shaking fist at someone to show anger Adaptors- Nonverbal behaviors that help us to satisfy a personal need and adapt to the immediate situation; not really intending to communicate meaning Examples: scratching mosquito bite, adjusting glasses, combing hair, pulling hanging thread of clothing, etc. Proxemics- Communication through the use of space Territoriality- fixed area that is occupied, controlled and defended by a person or group as their exclusive domain; regulates social interaction; can be source of conflict; indicates ownership (permanent or temporary) Zones of Space: Intimate: 0- 1 and ½ feet Personal: 1 and ½ - 4 feet Social: 4-12 feet Public: Beyond 12 feet