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The Dark Ages
The History Channel
1. What happened August 24, 410 AD? Rome falls to the Visigoths
2. Who is Alaric? The leader of the Visigoths who laid siege to Rome
3. How did Alaric and his army get into Rome? they starved out the city for 2 years then a
Roman aristocrat opened the gates of the city
4. How long did Alaric and his army stay in Rome? Why? 3 days, there was no food
5. What was one negative effect of Roman trade? diseases spread
6. What began to emerge to unify Europe? Christianity
7. Why did Clovis convert to Christianity? to gain acceptance in former Roman provinces
Clovis had conquered and united most of what is now France. He also spread Christianity.
8. Where did the Roman Empire survive? In the east
9. What was Justinian’s plan? to reunite the Roman Empire
10. What happened because of Justinian’s greed and unpopularity? the people revolted, held
Justinian hostage and riot in the city
11. Who stops Justinian from running away? Empress Theodora
skip at 29:30 minutes as Theodora is dancing
Justinian manages to reconquer Italy but destroys it in the process.
12. What happened in 542AD after Justinian gains control of the Mediterranean? Bubonic
plague
13. What are the symptoms of the Bubonic Plague? fever, chills, swellings, death
14. How was the plague carried? fleas on rats
skip at 38 minutes as Theodora removes her robe
15. Approximately how many people died? 100,000,000 people
16. What happened when Justinian dies? The Eastern Empire abandons the Western Empire
17. How many children died before they were five? ½
18. Why are monasteries so important in Europe? the monks copied the books and preserved
the knowledge of Ancient Greece and Rome
** Most people in the Dark Ages could not read**
Skip from 47:08 (St Benedict) to 48:00
732AD the Moors conquer Spain
19.What do the Moors want? to spread their faith (Islam)
20. What did Charles Martel need to defend against the Moors? professional soldiers
21. Who was Charlemagne? Charles Martel’s grandson and the Holy Roman Emperor
22. How did Charlemagne spread Christianity? Convert or die
Charlemagne divided his territory in counties, each ruled by a count who answered only to him.
skip 1:07:20 to 1:08 (Charlemagne is a player)
Charlemagne is crowned the Holy Roman Emperor.
23. What challenges did Charlemagne face at the end of his life? the Vikings
24. Why did the Vikings go after the monasteries? They had no wall and no weapons.
Viking ships could sail on the sea and up rivers
25. What did some cities do to stop the Vikings from taking their city? they paid them off
skip at 1:15 (Ivar the Boneless)
26. How did Alfred protect his kingdom from the Vikings? He built fortifications.
After the Viking Age there were many unemployed soldiers in Europe. Counts built castles and
hired the soldiers as their own private army.
27. What was the Church’s solution to the problem of unemployed soldiers? send them on a
crusade
In 1095AD Pope Urban II called a crusade.
28. What did the crusading soldiers bring back to Europe from the crusades? knowledge,
rebirth of trade and architecture
Around the year 1000AD the population of Europe begins to grow