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Clash of East vs. West: The Persian Wars I. Notable Differences Between Persian Empire & Greek City States Persians II. Greeks Cause of First Persian War (492 a. Ionian Greeks lived . . . b. 499 BC – Ionian Greeks rebelled against client king’s rule => c. Persians reasserted control by _________ BC => i. Darius sent … ii. Successful naval campaign captured several island city-states iii. Next target was to punish __________________ 1. Persian army about . . . 2. Athenian army about . . . d. Battle of Marathon, 490 BC i. Persian camp was on _________________ ii. Persian warships were _____________________ iii. Greeks assembled for battle => iv. Greeks performed _________________________ envelopment => v. Persian navy launched . . . vi. Many Persian soldiers ___________________ in water, trying to get to boats e. First Persian War Aftermath i. For the first time, all Greeks were unified … ii. Xerxes assumed power and prepared … III. Second Persian War (480-479 BC) a. Xerxes invaded Greece i. Huge army, drawn from all over empire, brought together 1. Accuracy of troop numbers: Herodutus (contemporary): up to _____ million! 2. Modern estimates, based on supply limitations: __________________ ii. Herodutus claimed Persians had a fleet of over ___________ ships (probably more accurate) iii. Crossed Hellespont … b. Met Spartans in battle at ________________________ i. King Leoniadas of Sparta led _________ Spartiates and … ii. Purpose => iii. For three days . . . iv. A Greek traitor showed Persians . . . v. Greeks were attacked from surrounded and __________________________ c. Persians marched on Athens and … d. Xerxes brought up fleet to destroy Athenian navy => e. Battle of Salamis i. Outnumbered Greeks … ii. Lured Persians into narrow straits => iii. Following defeat, Xerxes . . . IV. Significance of Persian Wars a. Greek victory allowed . . . b. Western philosophy, art culture . . . c. Persian victory would have snuffed out idea of _________________________ d. Persian victory would have . . .