Download Honors bio review-Population Genetics

Honors bio - 11
Population Genetics
Chapter 13 and 14
Honors Biology
Matching. Choose the phrase that best describes the term.
1. Population
a. group of same speicies in same area
2. Species
b. a group capable of creating viable offspring
3. Population genetics
c. how populations genetically evolve
4. Gene pool
d. total collection of genes in a population
5. Microevolution
e. study of population genetics
6. Genetic drift
f. change in gene pool of a population
7. Gene flow
g. alleles moving into or out of a population
8. Fitness
h. measured by number of offspring
9. taxonomy
i. classification and naming organisms
10. zygote
j. fertilized egg
11. gradualism
k. population evolve gradually due to accumulations over time
12. puntucated equilibrium
l. abrupt evolution then long periods of equilibrium
13. allele frequency
m. percentage of total alleles in a population
14. phenotype frequency
n. percentage of phenotypes in a population
15. evolution
o. change over time
16. speciation
p. evolution of a new species
True or False. Place T for true. If the statement is false, correct the underlined word/phrase to make it true.
1. In a bell curve the extremes of a population fall in the two ends of a bell curve.
2. Fish populations that do not interbreed because they live in different ponds may evolve into separate species
due to ecological isolation.
3. Bird populations that do not interbreed because they cannot recognize each others mating calls may evolve
into separate species due to geographical isolation.
Honors bio - 11
4. The larger the population the more of an effect a change of allele frequency has on that population.
5. Natural selection can alter variation of a population three different ways.
6. Allopatric speciation typically occurs due to geographical isolation.
7. The wings of a bird and the wings of an insect are an example of structures developed due to adaptive
radiation.
8. Population genetics is also called microevolution.
9. If mutations do occur it creates diversity, which allows evolution to occur.
10. Evolution is driven by environmental changes.
11. When individuals of a population leave a population it is called immigration.
12. Assortive mating is important for evolution to occur.
Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer to complete the following.
1. The smallest unit in which evolution occurs is
a.. an individual organism
b. a population
c. a species
d. a kingdom
2. The movement of reproductive individuals from one population to another results in
a. infertile offspring
b. genetic drift
c. spontaneous mutations
d. gene flow
3. Starlings produce an average of five eggs in each clutch. If there are more than five, the parents cannot
adequately feed the young. If there are fewer than five, predators destroy the entire clutch. This is an example
of
a. disruptive selectionb. stabilizing selection
c. directional selection
4. A stabilizing selection occurs when the
a.
b.
c.
d.
the most common form of the trait is the highest
individuals in a population have more of the both extreme traits
individuals in a population have more one of extreme traits
all of the above
d. sexual selection
Honors bio - 11
5. If two skunks have different seasons of mating, they fail to reproduce due to
a.
b.
c.
d.
prezygotic barrier called temporal isolation
prezygotic barrier called habitat isolation
postzygotic barrier called behavior isolation
postzygotic barrier called incompatibility
6. If two species reproductive organs do not allow them to mate, they fail to reproduce due to
a postzygotic barrier called hybrid inviability
b. prezygotic barrier called mechanical isolation
c. postzygotic barrier called sympatric isolation
d. prezygotic barrier called gametic isolation
7. When two species with a common ancestor become so different due to their environment that they can no
longer interbreed, this is called
a. punctuated equilibrium
b. divergent evolution
c. convergent evolution
d. hybrid evolution
8. Variation among species can occur due to
a. mutations b. recombination of alleles c. random mating
e. a and b
f. c and d
g. all of the choices
d. environmental factors
Short Answers. Unless otherwise indicated, use sentence form to answer the following.
1. Explain the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle.
2. List and explain the 4 ways scientists define a species.
3. List and explain the 5 prezygotic barriers that may prevent fertilization.
4. List and explain 3 postzygotic barriers that can prevent fertile offspring.
5. List and explain 3 different ways speciation can occur.
6. What is one potential negative consequence of nonrandom mating based on geographical proximity?
7. Explain what adaptive radiation is, how it occurs, and why it is important to evolution.
8. Does a gene pool include the genes of individuals that can not reproduce? Explain.
9. Explain the difference between convergent and divergent evolution.
Honors bio - 11
10. The drawing below shows a population of our o’clock flowers. Using the information given in the table
below, predict the phenotype frequencies and allele frequencies of this population.
10. Label the three types of selection illustrated below.