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HUMAN Body systems and Major Organs 1.Circulatory: Move gas, water, nutrients, waste around body\ A. Heart – pumps blood B. Blood vessels – control where blood moves 1. Arteries - Away from heart 2. Veins - Return to heart, one way valves 3. Capillaries – leaky vessels that are site of cellular connection C. Blood – carries nutrients and gasses 1. Red Blood Cells – carries O2 to and CO2 away from cells 2. White BC – Fight infection 3. Platelets – clotting factor 4. Plasma – carries water, nutrients, dissolved gasses to and wastes away from cells 2. Respiratory: Gas exchange A. Lungs – Allows O2 into and CO2 out of body at Alveoli 3. Digestive: Break down, absorb nutrients, excretes solid waste A. Stomach - stores food (6 hrs), breaks down proteins B. Small Intestine – site of digestion and absorption of nutrients (villi) C. Large Intestine – reabsorb water, eliminate solid waste D. Liver – break down toxins (poisons); make digestive enzymes (bile) E. Pancreas – make digestive enzymes, insulin F. Gall Bladder – store bile Esophagus –tube to stomach Salivary glands – begin breakdown of starch 4. Skeletal: Protection, structure, support, movement A. Bones - Protection, structure, support, movement, adult stem cells make blood cells B. Ligaments – connect bone to bone C. Cartilage - cushions bones from each other 5. Muscular: Muscles (3 types) Movement. A. Skeletal - moves attached to 2 bones (contract/relax) Tendons attach bone to muscle B. Smooth - one way movement C. Cardiac (heart) – many endings, multi-nulceated 6. Urinary: Filter waste from blood, salt balance A. Kidneys Filter blood and maintain water and salt balance at nephron B. Urinary bladder – stores urine, reabsorbs water 7.Integumentary: Protection from infection, sense of touch A. Skin – sense pain/pleasure, hot/cold, shallow/deep pressure 8. Reproductive: Produce offspring A. Ovaries – make eggs B. Testes – make sperm 9. Nervous: Controls body through nerves (neurons) A. Brain – thought, memory, analysis and control of body B. Spinal Cord – information to and from body, some control (reflexes) C. Peripheral nervous system – sensory input, muscle movement D. Sensory organs – sight, sound, taste, smell 10. Endocrine: Control body through hormones (+ or -) A. Glands (Pituitary thyroid pancreas, etc.) produce hormones 11. Immune: Fight disease, infection A. Spleen – breaks down blood cells, reabsorbs them B. White blood cells – Eat foreign organisms 12. Lymphatic: Collecting system – absorbs material released form circulatory A. Lymph nodes – points of connection B. Lymph vessels - collect fluid from circulatory system C. Spleen – connection point for lymph system