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Honors Astronomy Vocabulary Some review terms and some new Electromagnetic Spectrum • The arrangement of electromagnetic radiation waves according to their wavelengths and frequencies. Spectroscopy • The study of the properties of light that depend on wavelength. Continuous Spectrum • Produced by an incandescent solid, liquid, or gas under high pressure. – Incandescent means to emit light when hot Absorption Spectrum • Produced when visible light is passed through a relatively cool gas under low pressure Emission Spectrum • Produced by a hot gas under low pressure. Doppler Effect • The perceived change in wavelength of a wave that is emitted from a source that is moving away or toward an object. Refracting Telescope • First telescopes invented, around 1600 • Uses lenses to bring visible light to a focus Reflecting telescope • Invented in 1668 • Brings visible light to a focus with mirrors • Most telescopes in use today are reflectors Interferometry Process of linking separate telescopes together so they act as one telescope • The detail in images they produce improves the closer they are together • Very Large Array near Socorro, AZ Spinoff • NASA technology that has been passed to commercial industries for common use • Laser angioplasty • Cardiac imaging system • Advanced pacemaker • Infrared thermometer • Thermal video • Body imaging • Skin damage assessment Interstellar cloud / Nebula • A cloud of dust and gas in space Terrestrial Planet • Relatively small and rocky planets (Earth-like) • Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars Jovian Planet • Huge gas giants (Jupiter-like) • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Planetesimals • Small, irregularly shaped bodies formed from colliding matter Asteroid • Rocky remnant of the early solar system found mostly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt Meteoroid vs. Meteor vs. Meteorite Meteoroid Interplanetary material that enters Earth’s atmosphere Meteor Streak of light produced when a meteoroid falls toward Earth and burns in the atmosphere Meteorite Meteoroid that strikes Earth’s surface Sometimes causes impact crater Comet • Small, eccentrically orbiting body made of rock and ice that consists of a nucleus, a coma, and one or more tails that point away from the Sun. Comet ISON
