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Alpine Animal Hospital Debra M. Taylor, D.V.M. Patti A. Tuck, D.V.M. Emily A. Lewis, D.V.M. 2202 E. M-32 Gaylord, MI 49735 (989)732-6427 (989)732-4561 Fax Email: [email protected] www.alpineanimalhospitalmi.com Laryngeal Paralysis Laryngeal paralysis is a condition found in middle-aged to senior dogs, more commonly of the large breed variety. The signs that are seen in the dog result from partial obstruction of the airway. Cartilage flaps, called arytenoids cartilages, are located in the larynx of the throat. When working properly, they close off the trachea (airway) for passage of food and water into the stomach, and retract out of the way for airflow to the lungs. With paralysis, one or both sides remain in the path of airflow, and fail to seal the lungs off completely when swallowing. Common sequelae of this can be aspiration pneumonia, and heat stroke from inefficient panting. Causes Laryngeal paralysis can be hereditary, or late-life. Paralysis can be from hormone deficiency, nerve abnormalities, blunt neck trauma, immune-mediated diseases, or rarely, cancer of the thyroid gland. Clinical Signs Clinical signs appear to be directly related to the severity of airflow changes. They may include: Change in the character of the bark Occasional coughing Reduced activity, easily tiring with exercise Abnormal breathing sounds Gagging/retching, vomiting Weakness, collapse Overheating Sudden death Diagnosis Diagnostic tests may include bloodwork such as a CBC or thyroid profile, radiographs of the neck and chest, and visual inspection of the larynx under anesthesia. Treatment Emergency treatment may be necessary to establish adequate airflow, or to treat pneumonia if present. Surgery is the only effective treatment for the paralyzed cartilage. The cartilage flap is surgically tied back out of the way, re-establishing normal space for flow of oxygen to the lungs. Aspiration pneumonia remains as a potential risk post-surgically. The prognosis for normal lifespan and lifestyle are good if surgically corrected.
