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Muslim Empires
Student Activity
• You should have taken notes on your own
from at least pages 150-152.
– Compare your notes to Ms. Cenname’s to make
sure you a proficient at taking your own notes
The Caliphs
• Muslim leader= caliphs
• Question of Succession
– Question over who should rule Islamic community
following Muhammad’s death
– Abu Bakr
• Muhammad’s advisor
• Members of this group became Sunnis (85% of Muslims)
– Ali Muhammad son in-law
• Some believed that the successor should be a relative
• Members of this group became Shia
• The “Rightly Guided Caliphs”
– Caliphs of the early Arab Muslim Empire
– Each had close ties to Muhammad
• Umayyad Dynasty
– Found first Muslim dynasty
– Arab Muslim empire reached its greatest size
• The “Rightly Guided Caliphs”
– Caliphs of the early Arab Muslim Empire
– Each had close ties to Muhammad
– Capital in Media
• Umayyad Dynasty
– Found first Muslim dynasty
– Arab Muslim empire reached its greatest size
– Capital in Damascus
• The Abbasid Dynasty
– Over threw Umayyads in
750
– Capital in Baghdad
– Caliph killed in 1258 by
Mongol invaders
Non- Arab Muslim Empires
• Mongol invasion ended the caliphate and the
golden age of Islamic civilization
• The leaders of individual non-Arab Muslim
states called themselves “sultans “
• The Ottoman Empire
– Largest non-Arab Muslim state
– 1300s-1900s
• The Safavid Empire
– 1500s Persia (modern day Iran)
– Shias
– Persian painting architecture, carpet weaving, and
metal working blossomed
Islam in India
• Traders introduced Islam to India in the 700s
• 200 years later Turkish invaders in n. India
began a long period of Muslim rule
• The Delhi Sultanate
– 1206
– Lasted for 300 years, overthrown by Hindu
rebellions and Mongol invasions
• The Mughal Empire (Mongol)
– 1526
– Expanded Muslim rule over nearly all of India
• Founding of Sikhism
– Influenced by Hinduism and Islam
– Teaches monotheism and reincarnation
– Today there are 24 million Sikhs in the world