Download Davis – Fall 2010 CUANDO UTILIZAR EL PRONOMBRE DE OD Y

Davis – Fall 2010
CUANDO UTILIZAR EL PRONOMBRE DE OD Y EL PRONOMBRE DE OI
DIRECT OBJECTS:
1. The Direct Object is the person or thing that receives directly the action of the verb.
2. The Direct Object answer the question WHAT ? (QUE?) or WHOM? (QUIEN?) in
relation to the subject and verb.
INDIRECT OBJECTS:
3. The Indirect object is the person or thing that receives indirectly the action of the verb.
4. The IO answers the question "TO WHOM?" (¿PARA/A QUIEN?) or "FOR WHOM?”
(¿POR/PARA QUIEN?) the action of the verb is performed
Examples:
1. Pedro le da rosas a Elena.
(To whom Pedro give rosas? Answer: to Elena (IO).
Therefore the IO in this sentence is “a Elena” . The IOP is “le”. The DO is “rosas.”
2. A mi me gustan las vacaciones de Primavera.
NOTE: “ Las vacaciones” is the subject of the sentence.
( Las vacaciones me gustan a mi /The spring vacations are pleasing to me.)
Therefore, in Spanish this type of sentence with GUSTAR or verbs like GUSTAR
doesn’t have a Direct Object and of course, doesn’t have a Direct Object Pronoun, either.
This kind of sentence only have a INDIRECT OBJECT : a MI, And an INDIRECT
OBJECT PRONOUN: ME.
Gustar is an intransitive verb. Intransitive verbs cannot take a Direct Object.
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Davis – Fall 2010
1. ELLA ME DIO LA PLATA A MI ( ¿Qué me dio ella? ------la plata (DO) / ¿Para quién fue la plata? --Para mí (IO)
POI
OI
OD
2. Ella me la dio. (FORMA CORTA)
POI
PO
3. Yo le di la plata a Alex
POI
OD
OI
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Davis – Fall 2010
4. Yo le la di ( Para evitar “cacofonía” le (s) + lo(a)s = se la(o)s
Yo Se la di (forma corta)
5.Ana perdió nuestros pasaportes.
OD
6. Ana nos perdió los pasaportes (a nosotros)
POI
OD
6. Ana nos los perdió.
PO
POD
More notes:
---Sentences that have an IO usually also have a DO
----If there are two objects, one is DO and the other is IO.
----Sometimes the DO is not stated, but rather is implied, or understood.
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Davis – Fall 2010
----Prepositional phrases are often used for clarity and for emphasis.
Example:
Ella le hizo una zancadilla al hermano
OI
POI
OD
DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS REFERRING TO THINGS: DOP
In order to avoid the repetition of a direct object noun, you frequently replace the noun.
¿Pescado? Sí, lo preparamos aquí
¿Sopa? Sí, la preparamos aquí.
¿Pasteles? Sí, los preparamos aquí
¿Legumbres? Sí, las preparamos aquí.
1. DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS REFERRING TO PEOPLE -- DOP
Paco me visita (a mi)
Paco te visita
Paco lo visita
Paco la visita
Paco nos visita
Paco os visita
Paco los visita
Paco las visita
DOP= me
DO= a mi
Notes:
1. The pronouns me, te, nos, Os refer only to people.
2. The pronouns lo, la, los, las may refer to people or things and have a variety of meanings.
Ejemplos:
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Davis – Fall 2010
A: ¿Vas a visitar a tus padres hoy?
(Are you going to visit your parents today?)
B: No, voy a visitarlos este fin de semana ( No, I ‘m going to visit them this weekend)
Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns Used Together.
When you have both a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun in the same
sentence, the indirect object pronoun comes first.
Ellos me los dan.
They give them to me.
IO pronoun: me
DO pronoun: los
Ella te la vende.
She sells it to you.
IO pronoun: te
DO pronoun: la
Whenever both pronouns begin with the letter "l" change the first pronoun to "se."
le lo = se lo
le la = se la
le los = se los
le las = se las
les lo = se lo
les la = se la
les los = se los
les las = se las
The reason for changing "le lo" to "se lo" is merely to avoid the tongue-twisting effect of two
short consecutive words that begin with the letter "l". To demonstrate this, first quickly say "les
las" and then quickly say "se las." See how much easier it is to say "¿se las?"
In negative sentences, the negative word comes directly before the first pronoun.
No se lo tengo.
I don't have it for you.
Nunca se los compro.
I never buy them for her.
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