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A schematic of a human adult eye. The adult eye can be subdivided into two major domains: the anterior and posterior eye. The anterior segment
includes the tissues shown on the right, moving from distal to proximal, the cornea, aqueous humour, iris, and lens. The lens is attached to the globe of the
eye via the ciliary muscles and trabecular meshwork, which are derived from the ciliary body. The ciliary muscles and trabecular meshwork comprise the
ciliary apparatus. The trabecular meshwork regulates the intraocular pressure of the eye by regulating fluid movement between the anterior and posterior
regions of the eye. The posterior segment is made up of the most proximal parts of the eye. These include the retina proper and the back of the eye where
the optic nerve exits. On the outside of the globe is the sclera, which adds rigidity to the eye. Internal to this layer is the choroid, which is made up largely
Source: Transcription Factors in Eye Disease and Ocular Development, The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease
of blood vessels. The innermost tissue is the retina, which contains two major types of cells: an external layer one cell thick, the retinal pigment epithelium
Citation:
Valle
D, Beaudet
AL, Vogelstein
B, Kinzler
KW,with
Antonarakis
SE,humor.
BallabioLight
A, Gibson
G. Thethe
Online
Metabolic
and Molecular
(RPE), and an
internal,
multilayered
neuroretina.
The globe
is filled
the vitreous
enters K,
theMitchell
eye through
transparent
cornea,
through
Bases
of
Inherited
Disease;
2014
Available
at:
http://mhmedical.com/
Accessed:
May
05,
2017
the pupil in the center of the iris, and is focused on the back of the neuroretina by the lens (see Fig. 240-2 for a photograph of the neuroretina). Light
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scatter is reduced
by the
retinalMcGraw-Hill
pigment epithelium.
Photons
arereserved
captured by the photoreceptors located at the outside of the neuroretina adjacent to the
RPE, and the energy is transduced to electric signals. The signal is passed through interneurons of the retina to the ganglion cells at the inner part of the