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From Single Cells to Body Systems Lesson One Vocabulary cell—basic unit of structure and function of all living things cell membrane- thin cell covering that holds the parts of the cell together nucleus—organelle that determines a cell’s activities cytoplasm- jelly like substance that contains many chemicals to keep a cell functioning diffusion- process by which particles of a substance move from an area where there are many particles of the substance to an area where there are fewer particles of the substance osmosis- movement of water and dissolve materials through the cell membrane tissue- cells that work together to perform a specific function organ- tissues that work together system- organs that work together to perform a function Lesson 2 Vocabulary capillaries- small blood vessels alveoli- tiny air sacs villi- tiny tubes sticking out from the walls of the small intestines nephrons- parts of the kidney that remove wastes from the blood Lesson 3 Vocabulary bone marrow- connective tissue that produces red blood cells and white blood cells joints- where the bones meet to attach to each other and to muscles tendons- tough bands of connective tissue that attach bones to muscles ligaments- bands of connective tissue that hold the skeleton together (attach bones to bones) neuron- specialized cell that receive signals and transmit them to other neurons (cells that nerves are made of ) receptors- are nerve cells that detect conditions in the body’s environment
