Download Features of structural change of corticotropic cells of pituitary gland

Features of structural change of corticotropic cells of pituitary gland after
experimental immunostimulation
Bobrysheva I.V.
Introduction
In the last decade in theoretical medicine and clinical practice there was a
new direction – neuroimmunoendocrinology [6, 10, 11, 12]. Now nonspecific
regulation of immunological functions of an organism by means of endocrine
system is proved [4, 9]. For many physiological systems of an organism the
multilevel principle of regulation is characteristic [5]. The process of
immunogenesis consists of two basic stages. First from them is specific, related to
recognition of antigen by the cells of the immune system. Co-operating of immune
cells with an antigen is a process, being one of determinative features only immune
system. The second stage is nonspecific, beginning after recognition of antigen. It
is characterized by the functional maturation of Т- and В-cells and is exposed to
exogenous effects, including regulative influence of the neurohormonal system.
Realization of this influence is carried out by means of humoral factors,
neuromediators, hormones, including pituitary hormones. Close interactions of
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) with immune system began researches of a
role of endocrine system in regulation of the immune answer [1, 2, 13, 14].
The purpose of the presented research was to determine the dynamics of
changes of structure of cotricotropic cells of pituitary gland of mature white
laboratory rats after imunofan application in a dosage 0,7 mg/kg of body weight.
The pituitary samples were taken on 1st, 7th, 30th, 60th, and 90th day after treatment.
Materials and Methods
An experiment was carried out in the certificated histological laboratory of
State establishment “Lugansk state medical university”. Experiment was carried
out with 24 white mature rats-males, laboratory animals got from a vivarium of
State establishment “Lugansk state medical university”. An experiment was
conducted with the observance of all operating ethic norms during work with
experimental animals [1, 9]. Imunofan is the representative of the IV generation of
derivates of thymic hormones, created by nanotechnology [5]. Preparation was
injected on 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 days of experiment in a dosage 0,7 mg/kg of body weight
of animal. Control animals received 0,9% soluble sodium chloride. The pituitary
samples were taken on 1st, 7th and 30th day after treatment. A hypophysis was
measured and weighed. For the light microscopical observations some glands fixed
in 10% formalin, then, they were cut at 5 μm in thickness by the usual paraffin
method, and stained by hematoxylin and eosin.
Results
The area of nuclei of corticotropic cells of pituitary gland of animal of
experimental groups at the beginning of supervision (1 day) made 31,07±1,65 μm2.
Further this index increased, for the 30th day after imunofan application it made
38,59±1,59 μm2, in 60th day - 43,36±1,88 μm2, again decreasing by the experiment
end (the 90th day) to 32,67±1,92 μm2. Dynamics of nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio has a
similar direction with change of the area of nuclei of cells.
At control animals corticotropic cells prevail with diameters of nuclei from
6,25 to 6,38 μm, allegedly it is cells with moderate level of functional activity.
In 1 day after imunofan treatment, cells with moderate degree of functional
activity prevail.
Через 7 суток после введения имунофана, выявляется увеличение
количества клеток, имеющие средний диаметр ядер 6,310,13 μm.
In 7 days after imunofan application, the increase in quantity of the cells,
having the average diameter of nuclei of 6,31±0,13 is defined.
Conclusions
1. In reply to imunofan application there was the changes of morphometric
parameters of anterior pituitary corticotropic cells of mature rats that testify to their
active reaction on exogenous influence.
2. Dynamics of cyto - and kariometric parameters testifies about appearance of
signs of functional activity of corticotropic cells in averages and late terms of
experiment.
Keywords: rats, pituitary gland, corticotropic cells, imunofan.