Download SUMMARY OF FINAL QUESTIONS Assessment questions Jen T

SUMMARY OF FINAL QUESTIONS
Assessment questions
Jen T/ Edgar ELamarck/Darwin
Comparison of Evolutionary Mechanisms
Directions: Fill in the comparative mechanism that Darwin or Lamarck would use to
describe their theory of evolution.
Lamarck
Darwin
1. Environment changes, therefore
creating a “need” to change
2. Development of new features, "in
order to survive.” or “so that one can
survive.”
1. Variations of heritable features
which already normally exist
2. The environment puts “selective”
pressures populations. Selected
features contribute to survival while
others are eliminated.
3. Those with traits which help
survival tend to have more offspring,
who inherit those traits.
4. Speciation
3. Newly acquire traits are passed
down to offspring.
4. Speciation
Directions: For each of the following statements, write whether the statement is
Darwinian or a Lamarckian explanation of evolution
Explain why?
1. Elephants ears grew larger and thinner so they could give off heat faster and prevent
overheating.
LAMARCK
2. The shell of modern turtles may have evolved as a result of an overgrown breastplate
which provided protection from predators. This increased the probability that individuals
with this trait survived longer and produced the most offspring.
DARWIN
3. Humans will eventually evolve to lose their pinky toe, wisdom teeth, and appendix
because they no longer confer benefits to survival.
DARWIN
Write similar pairs of scenarios describing how the potentially fatal, methicillin resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) evolved. MRSA is resistant to the broad spectrum
antibiotics used to treat it. Do one scenario the way Lamarck might explain it and one the
way Darwin might explain it.
Mike S.
Convergent evolution accounts for the fact that _______.
Marine fossils are better preserved than continental fossils
Australian marsupials resemble Asian placental mammals
Most species evolve in a few thousand years
Cladistics are predecessors of cladoglams
The wings of birds and butterflies are _____________ structures
Homologous
Complimentary
Analogous
Allopatric
Homologous structures are likenesses that result from _________________.
Different ancestry
Evolution
Common ancestry
Intelligent design
Krys and Liz
What are some ways of determining the phylogenetic relationships between
different species?
Comparative anatomy, DNA analysis, geographic distribution of fossils.
What is an example of two organisms for which convergent evolution has made
unrelated species appear to be similar? Why did this occur?
Bird and bat. Similar environment/niches.
Among bears, dolphins, and sharks, which two species are most closely related?
Why would you argue they are most closely related?
Bears and dolphins. Both mammals.
Antibiotic Resistance Questions
Holly Levine
Anne Marie Cannon
Tina Esposito
1. Plasmids are found in:
a. Prokaryotes
b. Eukaryotes
c. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
d. None of the above
2. Conjugation is a method of
a. Vertical gene transfer
b. Horizontal gene transfer
c. Regeneration
d. Asexual reproduction
3. Antibiotics can be used to cure
a. Fungal infections
b. Viral infections
c. Bacterial infections
d. All of the above
4. Antibiotic resistance is an example of
a. Genetic drift
b. Radioactive decay
c. Evolution
d. Intelligent design
5. The first antibiotic to be used in 1941
a. Penicillin
b. Amoxicillin
c. Erythromycin
d. Zithromax
Katie
SEXUAL SELECTION
MULTIPLE CHOICE
What is the definition of sexual selection?
a. Selection that acts upon an organism's ability to obtain or
successfully copulate with a mate
b. Selecting for a mate (male or female) based on certain characteristics that
has a positive influence on fitness
c. Selecting for a mate of the same or different species based on the sex
(male or female) of the organism
d. Selection that acts upon an organism's ability to successfully regulate the
sex of the offspring
TRUE OR FALSE
True / False. Sexual selection always contributes to a higher fitness level.
If False - Correction: Sexual selection does not always / may contribute to a
higher level of fitness.
FILL IN THE BLANK
Sexual selection favors
that provides a
reproductive advantage.
a. any gene, anatomical structure, or behavior
b. only the most bizarre gene, anatomical structure, or behavior
c. bizarre genes, non-cryptic anatomical structures, or extroverted behavior
d. male competition and female choice
SHORT ANSWER
The smallest males of one marine isopod species (MIS) make up for their small
size with heavy investment in sperm. These little crustaceans sneak into the
sponge commandeered as a love nest by a larger male and then dive bomb the
mating couple, releasing a cloud of sperm at the critical moment.
Explain this event in terms of sexual selection. Be sure to include (1) the
sexually selected trait, (2) how sexual selection functions, and (3) the resulting
effect on fitness in the answer.
(1) Sexually selected trait - Male body size
(2) Sexual selection function - Males compete for access to mates. Large
males are selected for by the females. Small males bombard the female with
sperm while the female and large male are mating.
(3) Resulting effect on fitness - The trait for large and small male body size
are passed on to the offspring. Medium-sized males may have a disadvantage
because they are not able to mate with a female and are not small enough to
sneak up on a mating pair.
Willa & Shannon
1. (Short Answer) To the left is a picture
of an angler fish, which lives in the
deep sea.
a. Name two physical features of
the angler fish.
Spines, bioluminescent lure, no pigments.
b. Describe how each of these
features allows the fish to survive in its environment.
Protection, hunting, no unnecessary use of energy.
2. (True/False) An individual organism can evolve to allow it to survive in a
changing environment.
a. Circle True or False.
b. If false explain why.
3. (True/False) Species that have adaptations very specific to their environment
are less likely to survive a change in their environment.
a. Circle True or False.
b. If false explain why.
Mike & James Questions for the Final
1. Define Genetic Variation
2. What type of curve would be expected when examining the lengths of
grasshopper femurs?
Bell curve
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which variations below are genetic variations?
Size of teeth/jaws
Coloration of a fur coat
Ability to construct a nest
Size of dorsal fin
4. Why might it be advantageous for a population to have different variations
within that population? Be Specific.
Changes in the environment can be allotted for. If there is no variation,
the species could be wiped out by a drastic change.
5. Give one example where genetic variation can be advantageous for a
population.
Disease. Whole species would not be wiped out.
6. How much wood would a wood chuck chuck, if a would chuck could chuck
wood?
Test Questions From Equine Evolution Lesson – Tiffany and Ruth
1) What were the three main evolutionary features of the horse discussed in our lesson?
Spine/Leg, Teeth, Hoof
2)
There were several horse ancestors discussed in class. Some features of the horse
changed over time. What does this tell you about evolution?
Several features were better adaptations to the environment; thus they were
maintained in the gene pool.
3. Briefly describe how one of the main evolutionary features discussed in class is
advantageous to the horse today.
Hoof – protects the horse’s foot; it helps it move efficiently
Spine- the shape of the spine helps the horse gallop, run, etc. efficiently
Leg – the leg supported by the hoof is the most sufficient way of supporting the
horse’s weight
Teeth – allows this herbivore to have the greatest access to foliage ; modern horse
teeth have great chomping action; modern horses have canines and incisors