Download Ancient Rome Study Guide 2015

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Ancient Rome – Test Study Guide
1. In geographical terms, what is Italy? PENINSULA
2. What mountain ranges are in Italy? ALPS and APENNINES
3. According to legend what two twin brothers founded REMUS and ROMULUS. Who killed who? ROMULUS
killed
REMUS and became king.
4. How was the Roman Republic similar to our U.S. republic? How are they different?
BOTH REPUBLICS ARE TRIPARTITE- IN THREE PARTS. THE PARTS DO THE SAME JOBS. BOTH HAVE A SENATE.
THEY ARE DIFFERENT IN SEVERAL WAYS. FIRST THE ROMANS’ SENATE SERVED FOR LIFE. NEXT THERE WERE
TWO CONSULS WHO SERVED LIKE OUR ONE PRESIDENT. ALSO THE ROMAN REPUBLIC HAD A DICTATOR OR
SINGLE RULER DURING TIMES OF EMERGENCY.
5.What caused the patricians to change the government? (Hint: What did the Plebeins do?) THE PLEBEINS
WENT ON STRIKE AND MOVED OUTSIDE THE CITY WALLS OF ROME.
6. What was the purpose of the Twelve Tables? How are they similar to our Constitution?
THE TWELVE TABLES WERE WRITTEN SO THAT THE LAWS OF THE COUNTRY WOULD BE VISIBLE AND KNOWN
BY ALL. THEY WERE WRITTEN SO THAT RULERS COULD NOT MAKE DECISIONS THAT WOULD BE UNFAIR TO
ALL CITIZENS. THE TWELVE TABLES GUARANTEED EQUAL TREATMENT TO ALL CITIZENS. OUR CONSTITUION
GUARANTEES EQUAL TREATMENT TO ALL CITIZENS AND IT ALSO IS A DOCUMENT THAT SPELLS OUT SOME OF
THE MORE IMPORTANT RULES OF THE COUNTRY.
7.Put the statements in order. Number them 1-4
3 Rome’s laws were written down on 12 bronze tablets.
2 Citizens complained about laws they did not know existed.
1 Laws were established by the patrician officials in Rome.
4 Roman laws were displayed in public meeting places.
8.What would have happened if Roman laws were not written? IF THE LAWS WERE NOT WRITTEN DOWN,
PEOPLE COULD HAVE BEEN CHARGED WITH BREAKING LAWS THEY DID NOT KNOW EVEN EXISTED.
9. A system of checks and balances is a system built into governments to prevent on part of government from
gaining more power. Was a system of checks and balances built into the Roman Republic? How do you know? YES
A SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES EXISTED IN THE ROMAN REPUBLIC. I KNOW BECAUSE THE POWER OF
THE VETO WAS IN PLACE. CONCULS COULD VETO EACH OTHERS’ DECISIONS AND THE TRIBUNES COULD VETO
THE SENATE’S DECISIONS. ALSO THE TRIBUNES CHOSE THE CONSULS WHO WERE FROM THE SENATE.
10..What was the center of life in ancient Rome?(Hint : It was like the Greek Agora) FORUM
11.. Who became a popular military leader after many conquests in Gaul and Briton? He later fought for control of
Rome, won and declare himself dictator for life. JULIUS CASESAR
12.How and why did Julius Caesar die? HE WAS STABBED TO DEATH BY SENATORS WHO THOUGHT HE WAS TOO
POPULAR AND WAS GAINING TOO MUCH POWER.
13. What is the most significant effect of Julius Caesar’s death? IT CAN BE SAID THAT JULIUS CAESAR’S DEATH
ENDED THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
14. Octavian became sole ruler after he defeated ANTONY and CLEOPATRA at the Battle of ACTIUM
15.Why were Roman roads built? THEY WERE BUILT TO MAKE THE MOVEMENT OF SOLDIERS AND THEIR
EQUIPMENT EASIER What additional benefit did they bring to the empire? THEY ALLOWED MERCHANTS TO
MOVE QUICKER AND SAFER, SO TRADE WAS IMPROVED
16. What two men were the head of the government in the Roman republic? CONSULS
17.What was the Roman language called? LATIN This language influenced how people speak and write today
because THE ROMANCE LANGUAGES OF FRENCH,SPANISH AND ITALIAN ARE BASED FROM IT. ALSO OUR
ENGLISH LANGUAGES CONTAINS MANY WORDS WITH LATIN STEMS AND ROOTS.
18. Christianity is based on whose teachings? JESUS OF NAZARTEH
19. Who spread the ideas of Jesus throughout the Empire? The twelve APOSTLES and one disciple who came to
believe in Jesus after Jesus’ death, PAUL of Tarsus.
20. What book tells about Jesus? THE BIBLE
21. What is the major difference in the religious beliefs of Rome and the religious beliefs of Christians? ROMANS
WERE POLYTHEISTIC AND CHRISTIANS ARE MONOTHEISITIC
22. What farmer became a Roman beloved dictator? CINCINAATUS
23. What allowed government officials to restrict the power of other officials? System of CHECKS AND BALANCES
24. .In the days of the early republic, what group of people formed their own council and elected their own
officials? THE PLEBEIANS
25. Who were elected from the Plebeian Assembly? TRIBUNES
26..Who did the Romans conquer and adopt much of their culture? GREEKS
27. Who did the Senate give the title, Augustus, to in 27 BC? OCTAVIAN
28. Name 3 achievements of Augustus.
a. BEGAN THE PAX ROMANA
b. IMPROVED TAX AND LEGAL SYSTEM
c. REBUILDING PROGRAM(BRICK TO MARBLE-PLAIN TO BEAUTIFUL)
D. IMPORTANT GRAIN FROM EGYPT TO FEED PEOPLE
E. DEVELOPED A STANDING PROFESSIONAL ARMY
29. The Romans created lasting structures by creating what building material? CONRETE- THE ROMANS USED
MARBLE I KNOW, BUT THEY DID NOT CREATE MARBLE
30. What were three reasons for the fall of Rome?
a. GERMANIC INVADERS
b.POOR AND CORRUPT LEADERSHIP
c. FINANCIAL PROBLEMS- HIGH TAXES, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, RICH DID NOT PAY TAXES
31.. What was the capital of the eastern empire? CONSTANTINOPLE
32. Who was the first Christian Roman emperor? CONSTANTINE
33. The Byzantines developed a rich culture based on the GREEK, ROMAN ,and CHRISTIAN ideas.
34. What is the significance of the Justinian Code? THE JUSTINIAN CODE MADE THE LAWS OF THE REPUBLIC
EASIER TO UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW. IT BECAME THE BASIS FOR LAW CODES OF MOST OF EUROPE AND IS
THE BASIS FOR THE BILL OF RIGHTS IN OUR OWN CONSTITUTION.
35. What was the Pax Romana? In whose reign did it begin? THE PAX ROMANA WAS A 200 YEAR PERIOD OF
PEACH AND PROSPERITY FOR THE ROMAN EMPIRE THAT BEGAN IN AUGUSTUS’ REIGN
36. Use the word bank to define these words:
Word Bank: dictator / republic / checks and balances / consul / Senate / veto / praetors / plebeians/
patricians / Assembly /
a. CONSUL one of two rulers of Rome who controlled the army and the everyday running of the government
b PATRICIANS the wealthy landowners of Rome
c. VETO reject
d. SENATE ruling body of Rome made up of Patricians. This was the first of two. They made the laws.
e.PRAETORS ALSO CALLED MAGISTRATES judges who settles court cases and interpreted the law
f PLEBEINS the common people of Rome
g. ASSEMBLY the ruling of body that came to be in 471 BC after the Plebeians revolted
h._DICTATOR a ruler who was given complete control of Rome during times of great danger. When danger was
past, he was to give up his power.
i. CHECKS AND BALANCES a system of constitutional government which guards against absolute power by
providing for separate executive, judicial, and legislative bodies who share powers and thereby check and balance
one another
j. REPUBLIC a system of government in which the leader is not a monarch but is elected by the citizens
37. This is a picture of what? AQUEDUCT
What was it used for? IT IS A CHANNEL USED FOR CARRYING
WATER FROM THE MOUNTAINS TO THE CITIES