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Basic geography
Raül Carratalà
Oriol Subirats
Josep Maria Barbera
Pau Bel
Younesse Hamza
Geographic situation
• We are situated in south western of Europe.
Tortosa is in Catalonia, in the north-east of
Spain.
•
We are approximately in the cross.
Autonomous communities
• The autonomous communities are regions of
Spain. These regional governments are
responsible for the administration of schools,
universities, health, social services, culture,
urban and rural development.
Autonomous communities
• There are seventeen autonomous
communities:Catalonia, Valencia, Murcia,
Andalusia, Castile-La Mancha, Extremadura
Madrid,Castile and Leon,Aragon,La
Rioja,Navarre,Basque Country, Cantabria,
Asturias, Galicia, Balearic Islands and Canary
Islands;and two autonomous cities:Ceuta and
Melilla.
A map of Spain
• This is a map of Spain divided in autonomous
communities.
Spanish principal geographics points
• These are the principal ranges, rivers and
climates.
Spanish principals ranges and
mountains
• The principals ranges and mountains of Spain
are the “Meseta Central”(Inner Plateau), the
“Sistema Central”, the “Montes de Toledo”,
the “Sierra de Guadalupe” “Sierra Morena”,
the “Cordillera Cantàbrica”, the “Sistema
Ibérico”, the Basque Mountains, “Sierra
Nevada” and the Pyrenees
“Meseta Central”(Inner Plateau)
• The Meseta Central ("Inner Plateau") is a vast
plateau in the heart of peninsular Spain, has
elevations that range from 610 to 760 m.
• The Sistema Central, described as the "dorsal
spine" of the Meseta Central, divides the
Meseta into northern and southern
subregions.
The meseta central is
in the circle.
“Sistema Central”
• The Sistema Central is a primary feature of
the Meseta Central, the inner Iberian plateau,
splitting the meseta into two parts. The
Sistema Central runs in a ENE - WSW direction
roughly along the southern border of
the Spanish autonomous community of Castile
and León and Extremadura continuing into
the Guarda and Castelo Branco districts
in Portugal.
“Montes de Toledo”
• They are located in the central regions of
the Iberian Peninsula, cutting transversally
from east to west across the lower portion of
the Meseta Central. They also form one of the
natural limits of the historical La Mancha
region in Castile-La Mancha.
“Sierra de Guadalupe”
• Sierra de Villuercas, also known as Sierra de
Guadalupe after nearby Guadalupe town, is
a mountain range in the Montes de Toledo.
Sierra Morena
• The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems
of mountain ranges in Spain. It stretches for
400 kilometres East-West across southern
Spain, forming the southern border of
the Meseta Central plateau of the Iberian
Peninsula, and providing the watershed
between the valleys of the Guadiana to the
north and the Guadalquivir to the south.
Cordillera Cantàbrica
• The Cantabrian Mountains or Cantabrian
Range(Cordillera Cantábrica) are one of the
main systems of mountain ranges in Spain.
They extend for more than approximately
180 miles (300 km) across northern Spain,
from the western limit of the Pyrenees to the
edges of the Galician Massif close to Galicia,
along the coast of the Cantabrian Sea
Sistema Iberico
• The Sistema Ibérico or Iberian System is one of
the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain.
It is a vast and complex system of mountain
chains and massifs located in the central
regions of the Iberian Peninsula, but reaching
almost the Mediterranean coast in the Land of
Valencia in the east.
Basque Mountains
• The Basque Mountains(Montes Bascos) are
a mountain range situated in the
northern Iberian Peninsula. Geographically it
is considered as the eastern section of the
larger Cantabrian Range. The range runs
through the Basque Autonomous Community
and western Navarre.
Sierra Nevada
• The Sierra Nevada is a mountain range in the
region of Andalusia, provinces of Granada and
Almeria. It contains the highest point of
continental S, Mulhacén at 3478 m
(11,411 ft.) above sea level.
Pyrenees
• The Pyrenees is a range of mountains in
southwest Europe that forms a natural
border between France and Spain. It separates
the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of
continental Europe, and extends for about
491 km from the Bay of Biscay (Cap Higuer) to
the Mediterranean (Cap de Creus)
The principals Spanish rivers
• The principals rivers in Spain are the Ebre
river, a river than pass throught Tortosa, the
Duero river and the Tajo river
Ebre river
• The Ebre river is one of the most important
rivers in the Iberian Peninsula. It is the biggest
river by discharge volume in Spain. Its source
is in Fontibre(Cantabria) and it discharging in
a delta on the Mediterranean close to
Amposta in the province of Tarragona.
Duero river
• The Duero river is one of the major rivers of
the Iberian Peninsula, flowing from its source
near Duruelo de la Sierra in Soria
Province across northern-central Spain and
Portugal to its outlet at Porto.
The Tajo river
• The Tajo river is the longest river in the Iberian
Peninsula. It is 1,038 km long, 716 km
in Spain, 47 km along the border between
Portugal and Spain and 275 km in Portugal,
where it empties into the Atlantic
Ocean near Lisbon.
Climate
• In Spain there are three climates and two subtypes:
Mediterranean climate
• The Mediterranean climate, characterized by
dry and warm summers. It is dominant in the
peninsula
Semiarid climate
• Its located in the southeastern quarter of the
country, especially in the region of Murcia and
in the Ebro valley. In contrast with the
Mediterranean climate, the dry season
extends beyond the summer.
Oceanic climate
• It’s located in north quarter of the country,
especially in the region of Basque
Country, Asturias, Cantabria and partly Galicia.
In contrary to the Mediterranean climate,
winter and summer temperatures are
influenced by the ocean
Other climates
• Apart from these main types, other sub-types
can be found, like the alpine climate in
the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada, and a typical
subtropical climate in the Canary Islands.