Download The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System
By: Kanyon Tapp and Tyler White
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The Respiratory System
• The respiratory system is an organ system that removes
carbon dioxide from the blood and puts oxygen in its
place.
• The alveoli cause a large, moist exchange across the
epithelium surface within the lungs.
• Fresh air enters the respiratory system through the pared
external nostrils and/or the oral cavity to the pharynx
during inspiration.
• Air then travels through the glottis into the trachea,
through the bronchi and bronchioles to reach the alveoli.
• Air flows in the opposite direction during expiration.
The Respiratory System Video
Respiratory System Video
Lungs
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The lungs are a pair of spongy, air filled organs located on
either side of the chest.
Takes in 2,100 to 2,400 gallons per day of air, and hold up to
1.9 to 2.4 at a time.
Carbon dioxide is produced when you exhale your breaths.
There are two, one on each side of the heart cavity.
When air is taken in, the oxygen is extracted and delivered
through the blood stream.
Comprised of a latticework of tubes.
Small latters in the lungs act as air filters and traps dust
from the air breathed in.
The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the
pleura.
A thin layer of fluid acts as a lubricant allowing the lungs to
slip smoothly as the expand and contract with each breath.
The Nasal Cavity
The nasal cavity is the air passage behind the nose.
 Contains microscopic fibers that trap specks of air.
 Moisture inside the nose traps even more dust that
passes the fibers.
 The right and left passages take in the air and send it
to the trachea.
 Tissues covering the naval wall contain blood vessels
that provide the heat and moisture to the air taken in.
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Trachea
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The Trachea is a tube or system of tubes that carries air from the
Larynx to the two main Bronchi, which sends the to the lungs.
The average mans Trachea is 2-3 centimeters in diameter and up
to 6 inches long.
It is most commonly known as the wind pipe, and it extends
from the top of the neck to the top of the lungs.
It is composed of about 20 rings of tough cartilage. The back
part of each ring is made of muscle and connective tissue.
The trachea widens and lengthens slightly with each breath in,
returning to its resting size with each breath out.
Pharynx
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The pharynx is a fibro muscular tube that extends from the base
of the skull to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage.
Certain parts of the Pharynx lie next to the nasal cavity, oral
cavity, and larynx.
The muscular wall of the Pharynx is comprised of an outer layer
of 3 circularly disposed muscles.
There is a superior, middle, and inferior Pharyngeal contractor.
Alveoli
The Alveoli are small balloon-like structures
that are connected to he branches of the
bronchial passages.
 When you inhale the Alveoli inflate and they
deflate when you exhale.
 The oxygen exchange in the lungs takes place
in the alveoli.
 During the inhalation the radii of the alveoli
increased from about 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm.
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Bronchial Tube
The Bronchial tubes are fragile tubes found
inside the lungs.
 They carry air to tiny branches called
bronchioles after the air has passed in from the
mouth, nasal passages, and windpipe.
 The diameter is 0.5 millimeters.
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Epiglottis
The Epiglottis is a flap, made of cartilage, that is found
inside the throat, behind the tongue, and in front of the
Larynx.
 The Epiglottis is usually upright while the person is
breathing, but if the person begins eating or drinking it
moves to cover the larynx so no foods enters the
windpipe and the lungs.
 After the swallowing is done it returns to normal.
 The mean thickness of the the epiglottis is 0.236 cm and
the standard deviation was 0.020.
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Larynx
The Larynx is a small 1.5 inch tube which is located
behind the tongue, below the hyoid bone and in front of
the esophagus.
 Provides protection to the passageway between the
Pharynx and the Trachea.
 The strong walls of the Larynx are made of cartilage,
ligaments, membranes, and respiratory mucosa.
 It is the modified upper part of the respiratory passage of
air.
 If you have ever felt your Adam’s Apple, then you know
where the larynx is.
 The Adam’s Apple is a protuberance on the front of the
larynx.
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Sources
Alveoli – http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/ptens2.html
Bronchial Tubes – http://www.cts.usc.edu/zglossary-bronchial tubes.html
Epiglottis – http://www.umm.edu/imagepages/19595.html
Larynx – http://getbodysmart.com/ap/respiratorysystem/larynx/menu/menu.html
Lungs – http://science.nationalgeographic.com
Nasal cavity – http://library.thinkquest.org
Pharynx – http://emory.edu
Trachea – http://britannica.com