Download Functions Structural Plan

Respiratory System
Biology Content Standards
4. Anatomy and Physiology
Broad Concept: There is a relationship between the
By:
Mrs. Bailey
Functions
• Air distributor and gas exchanger so that
oxygen may be supplied to and carbon dioxide
removed from the body’
’s cells
• Filters, warms and humidifies the air we
breathe
organization of cells into tissues, and tissues into organs. The
structure and function of organs determine their
relationships within body systems of an organism.
Homeostasis allows the body to perform its normal functions.
4.3 Explain how the system (nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
lungs, alveoli) provides exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
4.8 Recognize that the body’’s systems interact to maintain
homeostasis. Describe the basic function of a physiological
feedback loop.
Structural Plan
Upper Respiratory Tract
• .ose, pharynx, and larynx
• Influences sound production (speech)
Lower Respiratory Tract
• Makes the sense of smell possible
• Trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs
• Plays a role in regulation of pH in the body
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Upper Respiratory Tract
Pharynx
Nose
Functions
• Passageway for air traveling
to and from the lungs
• Filters air
• Aids speech
• Makes possible the sense of
smell
Larynx
Location
Lies between the root of the
tongue and the upper end of the
trachea
Function
• Helps in the removal of dust particles and in the
warming and humidification of inspired air
• Protects against entering of solids and liquids - epiglottis
• Serves as the organ of voice production
• Also known as the throat.
• Serves as a common pathway for the
respiratory and digestive tracts.
• Affects speech production.
Lower Respiratory Tract
Trachea
Structure
• Extends from the larynx
to the chest cavity
• C-shaped rings of
cartilage give it stability
and prevent collapsing.
Function
Part of the open passageway through which air travels
into the lungs
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Lungs
Bronchial Tree
Structure of the Bronchi
Alveoli
• 2 primary bronchi
divide from the trachea
• Each primary bronchi
branch into smaller,
secondary bronchi
and again into smaller
bronchioles
• Bronchioles subdivide
into alveolar ducts,
which end in clusters of
alveoli called alveolar
sacs.
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Structure/Function of the Alveoli
Pulmonary Ventilation - technical term for breathing
• Very effective in
exchange of CO2
and O2 because each
has extremely thin
walls and is in
contact with
blood capillaries.
• The barrier in which
gases are exchanged
between alveolar air
and the blood is
respiratory membrane.
HOMEOSTASIS
Pressure gradients allow for respiration. These
gradients are established by changes in the size
of the chest cavity.
HOMEOSTATIC CONTROL MECHANISMS
The relatively constant states maintained by the body
Examples:
SE.SOR
detects some
physiological
parameter
constantly
when significant
changes occur
1. Thermoregulation
2. Regulation of blood O2/CO2
level
3. Glucoregulation
I.TEGRATOR
EFFECTOR
sums up information from
sensors
“target”
” whose activity is
changed in order to bring the
factor back into its normal range
4. Osmoregulation
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Biology Content Standards
4. Anatomy and Physiology
Broad Concept: There is a relationship between the
organization of cells into tissues, and tissues into organs. The
structure and function of organs determine their
relationships within body systems of an organism.
Homeostasis allows the body to perform its normal functions.
4.3 Explain how the system (nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
lungs, alveoli) provides exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
4.8 Recognize that the body’’s systems interact to maintain
homeostasis. Describe the basic function of a physiological
feedback loop.
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