Download Biology Chapter 2.3

Biology
Review Sheet for Chapter 2.3 and 2.4
Items to Review:
Section 2.3 and 2.4
Handouts
Enzyme Lab
Concept maps
Notes
Use online activities as review
Answer the following questions in complete sentences when appropriate. Review
those questions you are not comfortable with.
1. Describe one characteristic of carbon that makes it an important element in
biological molecules.
2. Explain the difference between organic and inorganic molecules.
3. What are functional groups? Be able to recognize the 6 common functional
groups.
4. Define the words hydrophobic and hydrophilic. What characteristics would make
a substance hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
5. Explain the relationship between monomers and polymers.
6. Draw and describe the processes of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis.
7. What is a carbohydrate? Function?
8. What building blocks make carbohydrates? Give an example.
9. What is the difference between a simple sugar and a complex sugar?
10. Draw the general shape of a glucose molecule.
11. What is a disaccharide? Give and example.
12. Identify the three main types of polysaccharides, their characteristics, where they
come from and what they are used for.
13. What is a fat? What types of items are “fats?”
14. Identify three functions of fats.
15. What are the two main building blocks of a fat?
16. Draw and label a picture of a fat.
17. Is your drawing saturated or unsaturated? How do you know?
18. How many water molecules are produced in the production of a triglyceride?
19. Describe the general structure of a steroid.
20. Is cholesterol a “bad” steroid?
21. What are the building blocks of proteins?
22. What two functional groups make up an amino acid?
23. What makes one amino acid different from another?
24. What is another name for a “side group?”
25. What do we call a long chain of amino acids linked together (other than a
protein)?
26. What type of bond links two amino acids together?
27. Identify two levels of protein structure.
28. What is denaturation? What factors cause it? What happens to the function of the
protein?
29. What is an enzyme? What is another name for an enzyme?
30. What is activation energy? Why wouldn’t increasing energy be a good way of
reducing activation energy?
31. Describe how an enzyme works using the terms: substrate, active site, enzyme,
activation energy and products.
32. Draw an energy diagram of a reaction involving an enzyme. Label your drawing.
33. What are two examples of nucleic acids?
34. What is a general function of nucleic acids?
35. What is the monomer building block of a nucleic acid?
36. What elements are found in nucleic acids?
37. What process bonds nucleotides together into a chain?