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River Valley Civilizations: Ancient Egypt Unit— Unit Study Guide Unit Vocabulary: 1. Nobles – people from rich and powerful families 2. Delta – a triangle-shaped area of land made of soil deposited by a river 3. Mummification – the process of preserving the remains of a living creature 4. *Polytheism – the belief and practice of worshiping many gods 5. Afterlife – life after death 6. Pyramids – huge stone tombs with four triangle-shaped walls that met in a point on top. 7. *Architecture – the science of building 8. Ramses II (“the great”) – one of the longest ruling pharaohs in history; he increased wealth and power for Egypt 9. Hatshepsut – a famous female pharaoh in the New Kingdom 10. *Scribe – a writer 11. Pharaoh – the title used by the rulers of Egypt; means “great house” 12. Hieroglyphics – an Egyptian writing system; one of the world’s first writing systems 13. Dynasty – a series of rulers from the same family 14. Rosetta Stone – a stone slab inscribed with hieroglyphics 15. Khufu – the most famous pharaoh of the Old Kingdom; credited with building the Great Pyramid’s of Giza 16. Tutankhamen (King Tut)- a lesser known young pharaoh whose tomb was found intact (not disturbed) and provided archaeologists with primary sources on Egyptian history *Indicates terms from a previous unit applicable to the current unit. Rely on your previous vocab to assist you. Unit Essential Questions: 1. How did Egypt’s location influence its development? 2. What effects did power and social class have on the lives of ancient Egyptians? 3. How did the innovations of ancient Egypt impact its neighbors and future civilizations? Unit Geography: You must be able to identify the following locations/geographic features on a world map. 1. North America 2. South America 3. Europe 4. Africa 5. Asia 6. Australia 7. Antarctica 8. Atlantic Ocean 9. Pacific Ocean 10. Indian Ocean 11. Arctic Ocean 12. Southern Ocean 13. Gulf of Mexico 14. Caribbean Sea 17. Appalachian Mountains 20. Tigris River 21. Euphrates River 24. Mediterranean Sea 25. Nile River 15. Rocky Mountains 16. Andes Mountains 18. Amazon River 19. Mississippi River 22. Persian Gulf 23. Mesopotamia 26. Red Sea 27. Egypt Absolute Location: For the test, you must be able to identify the coordinates of various spots around the world. Practice for the test using the absolute location sheet that is in your notebook! Review Vocabulary: These vocabulary words were in the current or part of previous units of study. Questions on these vocabulary terms will appear on your next test. 1. Geography 15. Empire. 2. Architecture 16. Irrigation 3. Social Hierarchy 17. Agriculture 4. History 18. Hunter-gatherer society 5. Archaeology 19. Division of labor 6. Fossil 7. Artifacts 20. Rural 8. Primary Source 21. Urban 9. Secondary Source 22. Nomadic 10. Culture 23. Domestication 11. Religion 24. Civilization 12. Values 25. Mesopotamia 13. Anthropology 14. Government Review Essential Questions: These vocabulary words were not part of this unit of study but were part of previous units of study. Questions on these vocabulary terms will appear on your next test. 1. How did early humans improve their lives? 2. In what ways did agriculture change human lives? 3. Why do humans form civilizations? 4. What geographic features are beneficial to the formation of a civilization? 5. How did Geography impact life in Mesopotamia? 6. How did religion and gender influence society? 7. How did technology and culture influence future civilizations?