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Question 1: CCA/DRR Integration How is climate change adaptation currently integrated in the existing national and subnational DRR plans, national risk assessments and relevant actions in your country (e.g. flood management, forest fire protection, drought management, heat waves planning and storm emergency planning)? Norway's national risk assessment includes several scenarios for weather related disasters, including large floods, rock slides, extreme wind, forest fires etc. It highlights how extreme weather events affect vital services such as critical infrastructure, and potential threats to life and health. The 428 municipalities in Norway are the local fundament of national disaster risk reduction. The municipalities are responsible for the functioning of key public services and the coordination of these before, during and after emergencies (e.g. local infrastructure, health services, care for the elderly and other vulnerable populations, and information to the public). The main responsibility for preventive planning and disaster management within their territorial borders lies with the municipalities. The county governors, on behalf of the Directorate for Civil Protection (DSB), follow up and provide guidance to the municipalities, and carry out audits to ensure the quality of their DRR work. Riskand vulnerability assessment (RVA), physical planning, emergency plans and exercises are the cornerstones of disaster risk reduction at the local level. From 2010 municipalities are required by the Civil Protection Act to establish systems for emergency prevention, preparedness and response. Municipalities are required to carry out comprehensive RVA, covering both existing and future risks (including climate change impacts), and covering both existing and planned buildings, installations and infrastructure. According to the Planning and Building Act, they are also required to carry out RVA in connection to new physical developments. A white paper on civil protection was presented in 2012. It highlights the need to include climate change adaptation in DRR efforts. Related to floods and land slides: Climate change adaptation is integrated in the national recommendations for land use planning, mapping (flood inundation maps) and cost-benefit tools for flood and land-slide mitigation measures. Question 2: Good practices What are in your opinion examples of good practices of integration and/or synergy of CCA and DRR in your country? Both national and subnational examples (links and references) of organizational and implementation practices are welcome. The Norwegian Environment Agency supports the Ministry of Climate and the Environment in its CCA- coordination work. The agency shall, in cooperation with relevant directorates, facilitate climate change adaptation at local, regional and national level. Norwegian Center for Climate Services was established in 2011. This centre launched in 2015 the report Climate in Norway 2100. The report describes past, present and future climate, hydrology and conditions in the ocean including e.g. precipitation, temperature, wind, river flow including floods and droughts, snow, ocean acidification, sea ice and sea level rise. Projections are based on climate projections from IPCCs 5th assessment report (http://www.miljodirektoratet.no/no/Publikasjoner/2015/September-2015/Klima-i-Norge-2100/ (in Norwegian only). Furthermore, the center is in possess of developing climate profile for each county in Norway. For further information about Norwegian Center for Climate Services and the report Climate in Norway 2100 , see presentation below. Adobe Acrobat Document The national platform for disaster risk reduction (established 2011) has included climate change adaptation in its work from its beginning. In 2016, the national platform has been reorganized and will focus on the development and implementation of a national flood and landslide strategy. A joint secretariat has been established (DSB, NVE, Norwegian Road Authority). The platform's work will be based on results and recommendations from a cross-sectoral project on natural hazards, landslides, floods and infrastructure (www.naturfare.no). See attached presentation about the NVE below. Adobe Acrobat Document DSB's 2015 national survey to municipalities (answered by 90 per cent of the municipalities) shows that 85 per cent have carried out comprehensive risk and vulnerability assessments (RVAs), and 93 per cent have an emergency plan. Even if some RVAs do not meet the requirements in the Civil Protection Act, there is a positive trend. In general, large municipalities (cities, towns) are well on track. Their RVAs are cross-sectoral, and cover both existing and future risks; 86 per cent of the municipalities have included climate change impacts in their RVAs. RVAs provide a knowledge base for societal planning at local level – the aim is that societal planning should enhance disaster prevention. (Report is in Norwegian: http://www.dsb.no/Global/Publikasjoner/2015/Rapport/KU_2015.pdf) Furthermore, several authorities are responsible for various regulations regarding urban flooding and the municipal management of such issues. The Environment Agency is responsible for having an overview of the regulations regarding urban flooding, and this information is available on the website www.miljøkommune.no In addition the Agency is responsible for administration of a climate adaptation grant scheme, where municipalities may apply. The largest cities are in the forefront of CCA (for example, through the 'Cities of the Future' project www.framtidensbyer.no (ended in 2014)) and have developed methodologies and tools for integrating CCA in urban planning, taking existing and future risks into account. The cities have included CCA in spatial planning, and in plans for development of infrastructure and vital societal functions. A follow up network among the 11 largest cities in Norway has been established and continues the work providing new information, and developing new knowledge and expertise through joint projects addressing CCA adaptation including DRR. In order to ensure knowledge sharing and dissemination of results on various activities, the website www. klimatilpasning.no on adaptation to climate change is maintained and further developed. The website provides tools, case studies and information on climate change adaptation for practitioners working in local governments. The website is a cooperation between several national directorates including Directorate for Civil Protection (DSB) (http://www.klimatilpasning.no/infosider/english/). A pilot project in Troms County (2015), aimed to guide the municipalities in how to integrate CCA efforts in social and spatial planning. The project partners were The County Governor in Troms, The DSB, The Norwegian Met Office, The NVE and four municipalities in Troms. The objective with the project was to get an overview of the existing knowledge base for Troms county – i.e. existing knowledge, the legal basis (which legal acts and sections), existing guidelines and directives, tools and resources useful and relevant for the municipalities in their CCA efforts. The project was also a pilot for the Norwegian Climate Service Centre, giving input to what kind of data the municipalities need and how to present the data in a way that is useful for them. As a result the of the Troms-project was to develop a Climate Change County Profile. The Norwegian Climate Service Centre will make similar profiles for every county in Norway. https://klimaservicesenter.no/faces/desktop/article.xhtml?uri=klimaservicesenteret/klimaprofiler One important task for the Norwegian Environment Agency is, together with the Directorate for Civil Protection (DSB) and the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), and in dialogue with many other relevant directorates, to make a drafted version of central planning guidelines. These guidelines will describe how the municipalities and counties can incorporate climate change adaptation into their planning activities according to the plan and building act. Through the EEA Grants scheme (http://eeagrants.org/), Norwegian authorities such as the Directorate for Civil Protection (DSB), the Norwegian Environment Agency, the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), and the county governors have contributed to the development and implementation of national CCA strategies in other European countries. Norway has also enhanced the inclusion of CCA in international efforts on DRR such as the European Forum for Disaster Risk Reduction (see report: https://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/publications/35277) and in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Question 3: Views on new EEA 2017 CCA/DRR report What specific topics could the EEA 2017 CCA/DRR report cover in order to support the respective activities at national or subnational level in your country? Best practice examples