Download 6.6 Current Trends in the United States

Session 12
The Current State of
Maternity Care
Reducing Infant Mortality
Current Trends in the United States
Rate of Induced Birth
Year
1989
1997
2001
2003
2006
Rate
9%
18%
20%
27%
Estimated to be as high as 40%
200% increase since 1989
Current Trends in the United States
Epidural Rates in 2005
Race/Ethnicity
White
Black
Hispanic
All Women
Rate
71%
65%
58%
67%
Most women have epidurals
Current Trends in the United States
32% Cesarean Birth Rate
Current Trends in the United States
Current Trends in the United States
Current Trends in the United States
Year
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2006
Rate
45.0
32.2
28.6
23.0
13.2
9.2
7.6
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.6
Perinatal Mortality
Rate from 1940s to
2000s
Current Trends in the United States
Prematurity? A Glimmer of hope?
What to Expect?
•41% Induction
•71% CEFM
•65% AROM
•76%-90% Pain meds
•85% No Food
•76% No Mobility
60% Vaginal Birth
(2006 Listening to Mothers II)
What’s Behind This Trend?
Political and financial interests?
Cultural influences?
Legal and liability issues?
Maternity care depends …
… on how you see birth.
Physiologic
Psychologic
Industrial/
Mechanized
“Holistic”
“Technocratic”
Physiological-Psychologic
Industrial-Mechanized
Optimal health
Reliability
Born the way nature
intended
Predictability
Breech
Presentation
Physiological-Psychologic
Industrial-Mechanized
Wide
Narrow
Inclusive
Selective
What Can You Get?
Physiological-Psychologic
Industrial-Mechanized
Physiological-Psychologic
Industrial-Mechanized
Risk is inherent to life
Avoid risk at all costs
Parents presume risk
HCPs presume risk
Learning Tasks - 6 minutes
1. Think about the effects of current maternity care trends
on women, families, babies and choices. Name two
consequences of today’s current maternity care trends.
2.
Think about your future clients. What kind of
care will they likely receive?
PP
3.
IM
What maternity care providers are more likely to
use the physiologic/pshychologic model?
Organizations working to Normalize Birth
THE END
Please fill out your evaluation
for Session 12
THANK YOU!