Download ISOTOPES 3 SUBATOMIC PARTICLES Proton Located inside the

ISOTOPES
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3 SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
o Proton
 Located inside the nucleus of an atom
 Specific to each element – change the # of protons and you change the type
of element
 Positive charge
 Equal to the atomic number
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What is the atomic number of Lithium?
How many protons does Lithium have?
What is the atomic number of Chlorine?
How many protons does Chlorine have?
o Electron
 Located outside of the nucleus in an “electron cloud”
 Involved in chemical bonding
 Negative charge
 Equal to the # of protons in a neutral atom
 How many electrons does Potassium have?
 How many electrons does Nitrogen have?
o Neutron
 Located inside the nucleus of an atom
 No charge
 # Neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number
ISOTOPES
o Isotopes are specific to each element. Isotopes of an element have a differing
number of neutrons.
o For example: Carbon has 3 different isotopes
 All atoms of carbon have 6 protons and a neutral atom will have 6 protons;
however, Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons, Carbon-13 has 7 protons, and Carbon12 has 6 protons.
 This can be seen by using the formula for finding the # of neutrons.
o Isotopes have a special notation:
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OR
Carbon – 14 and Carbon - 12