Download RNA and Central Dogma

RNA and Central
Dogma
Pages 204-205
Starter Questions
 What is the function of DNA?
Stores information for making proteins
 Where are proteins made in the cell?
On the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
 Can DNA leave the nucleus?
 NO
 Then how can the information for making
proteins get to the ribosome?
 RNA is made
Vocabulary Terms
• Chromosome : A rod shaped
structure made of one strand of
DNA and protein
• Gene= segment of DNA on a
chromosome that codes for a
hereditary trait (protein)
• RNA (Ribonucleic Acid): an
intermediate between DNA and
proteins, made of nucleotides
Vocabulary Terms
• Transcription: DNA
acts as the template
for RNA synthesis
(Making RNA)
• Translation: RNA
directs the assembly
of a protein (Using
RNA)
Central Dogma
• Framework for
understanding the flow
of information
• Information flows in
the following way:
DNA  RNA  Protein
Draw this!
What differences do you notice between
RNA and DNA?
RNA vs DNA
RNA
DNA
• Sugar = ribose
• Sugar =
deoxyribose
• Uses uracil
instead of
thymine
• Single stranded
• Use thymine
instead of uracil
• Double stranded
Double Bubble
RNA vs. DNA
Types of RNA
• Messenger RNA (mRNA):
single strand of RNA that
carries information from
DNA to ribosome
Types of RNA
• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA):
RNA that is part of a
ribosome
Types of RNA
• Transfer RNA (tRNA):
transfers amino acids to
ribosome to build a protein