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The Status of Nanotechnology in South Africa and Opportunities for Cooperation with ICSTI Member States ICSTI-61st MEETING: International Conference “Scientific and Technological Innovation: National Experience and International Cooperation 19-21 MAY 2010, AZERBAIJAN Daniel Adams Department of Science and Technology South Africa OUTLINE • South African National Nanotechnology Strategy • Implementation of the Nanotechnology Strategy • National Nanotechnology Innovation Centres • Nano Research Focus Areas in SA • Nano R&D in SA Industries • SA Nano Global Footprint • Possible Areas of Collaboration • The Way Forward Nanotechnology Strategy: Objectives • • • Effluent treatment Purification Clean water supply • Cost-effective Energy alternative sources • Low cost solar cells and batteries • Health • Solutions to AIDS, Malaria and TB Alternative drug delivery systems SOCIAL CLUSTER NANOTECHNOLOGY STRATEGY • Water • • • Coatings and paints for harsh African environments New materials for a Competitive industry Materials Minerals & Mining Advanced tools using super hard nanomaterials Beneficiation of Minerals •Nano catalysts •Cleaner Processing production INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER Implementation of Nanotechnology Strategy Human Capital Research Capacity Public Awareness Products & Processes Outcomes National Nanotechnology Strategy Driver Implementation Plan Key Pillars Research Plan Advisory Board & Standards Committee Awareness Plan IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Human Capital Development University Chairs Post-graduate programs and bursaries Infrastructure Development Equipment Acquisition Programme Two Nanotechnology Innovation Centres Established CSIR Center: Materials and Energy Mintek: Health and Water IMPLEMENTATION PLAN (Cont.) Responsible Development Public Awareness Ethics Committee Health & Safety Research Projects Research Plan Focus research to deliver on strategic areas Special initiatives - flagship projects International collaboration – FP7, IBSA, SAFrance, SA-Argentina, SA-Russia, etc. National Nanotechnology Innovation Centres Mintek: National Nanotechnology Innovation Centre National Centre for Nanostructured Materials Mintek NIC: Health and Water CSIR NIC: Advanced Materials and Energy Focus Areas in Nano Research (1) BIO and PHARMA NANOBIOLOGICAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS Fluorescence from chlorophyl in an artificial vesicle intended to power a nanomachine BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE The biological activity of nanoand nanostructured materials can be facilitated to make established treatments more efficient, to find cures for diseases where there is no treatment, to remediate environmental problems, and to shift frontiers in technological approaches. BIOSENSORS Using a nanosensitive quarz crystal microbalance with dissipation to study interactions with applications for biosensors BIO LABELLING R. Sparrow, CSIR Colloidal gold nanoparticles to visualize antigen-antibody interactions in medical and veterinary diagnostic tests gold D. Du Plessis, ARC and Vision Biotechnology (Pty) Ltd J. Limson, RU Focus Areas in Nano Research (2) CARBON NANOTUBES GOLD NANOPARTICLES on zinc oxide produced by reduction of gold hydroxide E. van der Lingen, Min-tek SILICON NANOPARTICLES produced by thermal catalytic pyrolysis CVD SYNTHESIS The physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials are different to those of the corresponding bulk material. To make use of this feature, arranging atoms using chemical and biochemical processes to form nanomaterials like particles, rods, wires, tubes, can be performed applying a multitude of synthesis methods. C. Arendse, CSIR POLYACRYL-NITRILE YARN produced by electro spinning E. Smith, SUN SILVER NANOPARTICLES produced by wet chemical synthesis M. Scriba CSIR composite PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES in a polyaniline based composite produced by soft chemical synthesis 4000 x N. Revaprasadu, Uzulu M.S. Scurrell, WITS Focus Areas in Nano Research (3) Smart Materials NANO-CLAY COMPOSITES exfoliated polystyrene - (Ethyl-MMT) nano-composite containing 5.7% clay Change the properties of materials by giving them a nanostructure, or using nanostructured coatings which respond to changes in their environment, or create new composite materials with previously unknown properties R. D. Sanderson, SUN POLYMER CARBON NANOTUBE COMPOSITE showing a honeycomb like arrangement of CNTs inside the polymer matrix METAL MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES production of an aluminium composite containing noble gas nanoprecipitates ACTIVE NANOCOMPOSITE COATING temperature dependence of the surface plasmon resonance in a nano-gold vanadium oxide optical coating S. Sinha Ray, CSIR M. Maaza iThemba, LABS D.T. Britton, UCT Focus Areas in Nano Research (4) ELECTROCATALYTIC Pt NANO COMPOSITE Electrodes for hydrogen production CATALYSIS The very large surface of nanostructured materials enhances chemical reactions for the benefit of more efficient industrial processing, the removal of noxious substances in the environment, and also for energy and fuel production FUEL CELLS FC catalysts on the surface of carbon nanotubes L.Petrik UWC GOLD-BASED CATALYSTS show good catalytic activity towards CO oxidation and other reactions INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING catalysts with controlled particle size and shape for optimization of industrial catalytic processes V. Linkov, UWC M. Claeys UCT T.R. Tshikhudo, Mintek Focus Areas in Nano Research (5) NANOELECTRONICS PHOTONICS AND PHOTOVOLTAICS The use of nanostructured materials and nanoscale phenomena in electronic, photonic and electrical applications provide the opportunity to overcome the limitation in performance dictated by traditional technologies, and provide new approaches for cost efficient solutions QUANTUM DOTS fabricated using AFM lithography on an MBE-grown GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure R. Nemutudi, iThemba Labs SILICON NANOPARTICLES used in inks to produce elelctronic devices by simple printing, e.g. solar cells NANO PHOSPHORS SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor nanoparticles provide light as soon as they are illuminated M. Harting, UCT H.C. Swart, UFS TB Nano-drug Delivery 35 250 TB is the leading cause of death in SA: • Treat MDR and XDR-TB • To address other diseases which fall under non-compliance • Develop human capacity and infrastructure • Successfully encapsulated 4 of the leading anti-TB drugs using double emulsion solvent evaporation - spray drying technique TB cases (X1000) • Nano-based drug delivery system capable of slowly releasing the drug in a controlled and sustained manner • Reduce dose frequency from daily to once a week • Reduce treatment time 25 150 20 15 100 10 50 5 0 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 19992000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year TB HIV HIV-prevalence (%) 30 200 Nano R&D in SA Industries Industry Petroleum Construction Research & Development Activities Preparation of novel structured catalysts based on metal decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Manufacturing of Eco-friendly building materials based on Polymer nanocomposites Energy Materials for solar cells Mining Minerals beneficiation Aerospace Development of Natural/Nano Bio-composite materials SA Nano Global Footprint South Africa has active collaborations with a number of institutions in various countries Possible Areas of Collaboration • Human Capital Development Exchange programmes (students, post-docs) • Collaborative Research Projects Advanced NanoMaterials Development Nanotechnology for health, water, energy applications and minerals beneficiation • Development of Nanoindustry Development of a Technology Platform: large scale production of nanoparticles, nanoelectronics Way Forward • Planned ICSTI-SA Workshop: Nanotechnology/Nanomaterials, Feb/March 2010, South Africa • Key Objective of Workshop: - To identify common areas of collaboration in advanced nanostructured materials • Outcomes: - Agree on areas of collaboration - Identify modalities (infrastructure, exchange visits, etc.) of collaboration THANK YOU!!!