Download Unit 6-Section B

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UNIT
6
Gender equality
Section B What does feminism really mean?
Objectives
To master the reading skill
To understand the text
To practice the phrases and patterns
To learn about speech writing
Section
B
What does feminism really
mean?
Contents
Warming-up
Reading Skills
Text Study
Comparative Study
Unit Project
Section
B
What does feminism really
mean?
Warming-up
Lead-in
Background Information
1. Why are women choosing not to identify as
feminists?
Tips
2. What’s the definition of feminism, and what’s the
idea and the ambition behind the word?
Tips
Video Watching
Back
1. Why are women choosing not to identify as
feminists?
Tips
Feminist has become an uncomfortable
word, because feminists are the ranked
women whose expressions are seen as too
strong, too aggressive, isolating and antimen, unattractive even.
2. What’s the definition of feminism, and what’s
the idea and the ambition behind the word?
Tips
• Feminism is the belief that men and women
should have equal rights and opportunities.
• It’s the theory of the political, economic and
social equality of sexes.
• Gender equality should be considered as
human rights.
1. Feminism
2 . the Pilgrims
Tips
Tips
1. Feminism
Tips
The term “feminism” refers to movements and
ideologies that are aimed at promoting equal rights
and equal opportunities for women. A person who
advocates or supports the rights and equality of
women is referred to as a “feminist”.
Feminists advocate women’s rights in various
fields such as contract law, property, and voting, in
addition to promoting physical integrity, autonomy,
and reproductive rights.
1. Feminism
Tips
They have brought great changes to societies.
Women today in many countries have won the rights
to vote, to earn equal pay, to decide whether to have
children, and to own property. Feminist activists also
work to protect women and girls from all forms of
domestic violence, sexual harassment, and sexual
assault. In addition, they strive for workplace rights
and fight against discrimination against women.
2. the Pilgrims
Tips
The term refers to people who left England in
the early 17th century to seek religious freedom in
North America. The first Pilgrims were a group of
some 100 people who set sail from England in
September 1620. They landed on the shores of
Cape Cod, in present-day Massachusetts, in
November of the same year. They settled in
Plymouth and founded the first permanent
settlement of Europeans in New England. These
original settlers are known as the Pilgrim Fathers,
or simply as the Pilgrims.
Section
B
What does feminism really
mean?
Reading Skills
Presentation of the Skill
Reading Skill Practice
Reading for supporting details
In B2U2, we learned how to read for
major details in a paragraph. Sometimes,
however, the author may provide details to
support his idea without differentiating the
levels of importance of those details. In
other words, the supporting details in a
paragraph may be parallel or equally
important. In this unit, we will focus on how
to identify supporting details in general.
Reading for supporting details
There are two clues that can help us to
locate the supporting details in a paragraph:
1. Sentence position: Sentences that
contain supporting details often come after
the sentence that states the main idea of the
paragraph, i.e. the topic sentence.
2. Specific information: Supporting details
usually consist of specific and concrete
information, e.g. facts, statistics, examples
and anecdotes (轶事), rather than general or
abstract ideas.
Reading for supporting details
Example
When I was a boy growing up off the grid
in the Commonwealth of Virginia, the men I
knew labored with their bodies from the first
rooster crow in the morning to sundown.
They were marginal farmers, shepherds,
just scraping by, or welders, steelworkers,
carpenters; they built cabinets, dug ditches,
mined coal, or drove trucks, their forearms
thick with muscle.
Reading for supporting details
They trained horses, stocked furnaces, made
tires, stood on assembly lines, welding parts
onto refrigerators and lubricating car engines.
In the evenings and on weekends, they
labored equally hard, working on their own
small tract of land, fixing broken-down cars,
repairing broken shutters and drafty windows.
In their little free time, they drowned their
livers in beer from cheap copper mugs at a
bar near the local brewery or racecourse.
(Para. 1)
Reading for supporting details
In this paragraph, the author states his
main idea in the first sentence, i.e. the men
he knew labored with their bodies all day.
All the other sentences, starting from the
second one until the last one, function as
supporting details that explain this idea.
They give specific examples and
descriptions to show that these men’s life
was hard.
Reading for supporting details
Practice
Read the following paragraphs
from Text B and identify the main
idea and the supporting details.
Reading for supporting details
1. In some countries, gender equality remains far
away. There are places where women aren’t allowed
to participate in government or public life, where
women are denied education and remain illiterate,
and places where women have to keep their hair and
faces hidden, or they will risk terrible lashes,
detention, or even execution. There are places where
young, virgin girls, with no judicial process to protect
them, are forced to marry old men and bear children
against their will. There are places where women are
not allowed to drive a car or sit in the same section
as men when using public transit. (Para. 4)
Reading for supporting details
Main idea:
In some countries, gender equality remains far
away.
Supporting details:
Examples of various types of gender inequalities
in the world.
Reading for supporting details
2. With all the progress of the last decades, it can be
hard to see that there is still work to be done, or to
remember what was so difficult before. Modern women
may raise a chorus of complaints that there are no
confident men left, and blame feminism. A modern man
may long for the days when a wife would stay home with
a spatula and a sponge, cooking kidney beans and
steak for dinner, fascinated by his work stories. However,
he would be forgetting the need to make enough money
to support his household alone. (Para. 6)
Reading for supporting details
Main idea:
It can be hard to see that there is still work to be
done, or to remember what was so difficult before.
Supporting details:
Examples of modern men’s and women’s thoughts.
Section
B
What does feminism really
mean?
Text Study
Text Comprehension
Language Focus
Critical Thinking
1. In Paragraph 1, why does the author mention the beliefs
some people have about feminism? (Para.1)
2. Why feminists don’t want to drive men out of society?
(Para.2)
3. According to the author, what is the essence of feminism?
(Para.3)
4. Why does the author mention some places where gender
inequality exists? (Para.4)
5. Which of the following is not an achievement of feminism?
(Para.5)
6. What does the author think of a trophy wife? (Para.7)
7. Why does the author warn us against the “small problems”
(Para. 9) in feminist environments? (Para.9)
8. What is the purpose of the article?
1. In Paragraph 1, why does the author mention the
beliefs some people have about feminism?
(Para.1)
Tips
To illustrate that many people have a
wrong understanding of feminism.
2. Why feminists don’t want to drive men out of
society? (Para.2)
Tips
Their life cannot be separated from men.
原句：
Feminists have fathers, brothers, husbands, and
sons. Their lives are just as coiled up with those
they love as anyone else’s. (Para.2,L12)
解释:
Feminists have fathers, brothers, husbands, and
sons. Their lives are closely linked with those
men they love, just as the life of anyone else.
译文：
女权主义者也有父亲、兄弟、丈夫和儿子。她们
的生活就像其他任何人一样，与她们所爱的人密
不可分。
3. According to the author, what is the essence of
feminism? (Para.3)
Tips
The notion that women should have
the same opportunities as men.
4. Why does the author mention some places where
gender inequality exists? (Para.4)
Tips
To show that there is still a lot for feminists to do.
5. Which of the following is not an achievement of
feminism? (Para.5)
Tips
Choose the best answer to the question.
A. Women have their own career and property.
B. Women have the rights to vote and be
educated.
C. Women can sit on royal thrones and rule a
country.
D. Women can be elected for top political
positions.
6. What does the author think of a trophy wife?
(Para.7)
Tips
She is somewhat a feminist if she has
the courage to protect herself.
7. Why does the author warn us against the “small
problems” (Para.9) in feminist environments?
(Para.9)
Tips
To make people realize the necessity to
continue the fight for gender equality.
原句：
着地顺利、轻松
Our touchdown was smooth and easy; the tragedy
we had feared was not our destiny.(Para. 16,L61)
解释:
The plane landed smoothly and without difficulty.
The air crash we had all worried about did not
become our fate.
译文：
我们着地顺利、轻松；我们所恐惧的悲剧并没有成
为
我们的宿命。
8. What is the purpose of the story?
Tips
To clarify and explain a
concept.
belief
opportunities
better
displace
controlled
oppressed
roles
gender
remains
feminists
In comparison
tremendously
fought
overthrow
discriminatory
barriers
tunnel through
thirst for
quenched
vigilant
Practical Phrases
Specific Meanings
1. forbid sb. from doing sth.
2. eject sb. from sth.
禁止某人做某事
（尤指用武力）驱逐;
剥夺…的成员资格
使…与…卷缠在一起
3. coil sth. up with sth.
4. against one’s will
5. run for
6. look down on sb. / sth.
7. take up
8. a / the ghost of sth.
违背某人的意愿
竞选；参加竞选
轻视；瞧不起
开始从事（新的工
作）；
对某事产生兴趣
一点…；一丝…
禁止某人做某事
短语逆译
forbid sb. from
doing sth.
短语应用
有时，你越是不准小孩做某事，他就越想做。
意群提示
(forbid a child from doing something)
Sometimes the more you try to forbid a child from
doing something, the more he wants to do it.
（尤指用武力）驱逐;
eject sb. from sth.
剥夺…的成员资 短语逆译
格
短语应用
因为他对项目的管理完全错误，董事会主席决心要
将他开除出公司。
意群提示
(eject him from the company / mismanage the project)
The chairman of the board was determined to eject
him from the company as he had completely
mismanaged the project.
使…与…卷缠
在一起
短语逆译
coil sth. up
with sth.
短语应用
通过将电线缠绕在磁铁上，他们做了个感应器。
意群提示
(coil the wire up with / the magnet)
They made a sensor by coiling the wire up with the
magnet.
违背某人的意愿
短语逆译
against one’s will
短语应用
他的父母从来不强迫他做任何违背自己意愿的事情。
意群提示
(against his will)
His parents never force him to do anything against
his will.
竞选；
参加竞选
短语逆译
run for
短语应用
今年参加市政议会竞选的人数比往年任何时候都多。
意群提示
(run for / the city council)
More people than ever before are running for the city
council this year.
轻视；瞧不起
短语逆译
look down on sb. /
sth.
短语应用
她认为她的朋友们因为她没上过大学而瞧不起她。
意群提示
(look down on her)
She thinks her friends look down on her because
she didn’t go to university.
开始从事（新的工作）； 短语逆译
对某事产生兴趣
take up
短语应用
玛丽最近对绘画产生了兴趣，现在她正在画一幅自己
孩子的肖像。
意群提示
(take up / a portrait of her kids)
Mary took up painting recently, and now she is
working on a portrait of her kids.
一点…；一丝…
a / the ghost of sth.
短语逆译
短语应用
股票市场下跌时，我在老板眼中看到了一丝恐惧。
意群提示
(a ghost of fear in the eyes of / stock market / fall)
I saw a ghost of fear in the eyes of my boss when
the stock market fell.
Functional Patterns
1. Distilled to its essence, sth. is
the idea that...
Functions & Usages
用于归纳强调“归根结底，
某事是什么”。
2. Sb. does sth. compared to sb. / 用于表达“与某人或某时
the time when…
代相比，某人…”。
3. It seems / sounds…, but sth.
is …
用于对比强调“某事看上
去 或 听 起 来 …, 其
实… ”。
原句译文
归根结底，女权主义指的是男人和女人应该
拥有平等的机会。
逆译练习
Distilled to its essence, feminism is
the idea that men and women should
have equal opportunities. (Para. 3)
句型提炼
句型提炼
Distilled to its essence, sth. is the idea that...
应用提示
用于归纳强调“归根结底，某事是什
么” 。
句型应用
典型例句
归根结底，不了解外语的人也无法真正了解自己的语
言。
意群提示
(Distilled to its essence / know nothing)
Distilled to its essence，those who know nothing
of foreign languages know nothing of their own.
原句译文
在美国，与殖民时期的朝圣者相比，现代女
性过着极其奢侈的生活。在英伦诸岛，现代
女性与早先国王的统治时期相比，基本上已
与男性一切平等。
逆译练习
In the United States, modern women live
downright luxurious lives compared to
the Pilgrims in colonial times. And in the
British Isles, modern women are
essentially equal to men compared to
the time when the early kings sat upon
their mighty thrones.(Para. 5) 句型提炼
句型提炼
Sb. does sth. compared to sb. / the time
when…
应用提示
用于表达“与某人或某时代相比，某
人…”。
句型应用
典型例句
只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，你才能尝到成功的
滋味。
意群提示
(compared to / diligently)
Only have compared to others early, diligently, can
you feel the successful taste.
原句译文
这些看上去似乎只是小问题，是大问题的一
些残留末节而已，但当它们真正发生在你本
人身上时就是大问题了。
逆译练习
These seem like small problems, the
lingering ghosts of greater issues, but
they’re significant when they’re happening
to you. (Para. 9)
句型提炼
句型提炼
It seems / sounds …, but sth. is …
应用提示
用于对比强调“某事看上去或听起来…,
其实… ”。
句型应用
典型例句
他把报告修饰了一番，使它听起来让人印象深刻，
但依然存在不足。
意群提示
(doll up / make it sound more impressive)
He dolled up the report to make it sound more
impressive, but it is found lacking.
1.还远未实现
2.乘坐公共交通工具
3.过着极其奢侈的生
活
4.奋力消除陈旧的
歧视性做法
5.挣得同样的提成
6.齐声抱怨
7.呆在家里拿着锅铲
和海绵围着锅台转
8.单独赚钱养家
9.行为举止缺乏男子
气
remains far away
using public transit
live downright luxurious lives
fought hard to overthrow outdated
discriminatory practices
earning equal commissions
raise a chorus of complaints
stay home with a spatula and a
sponge
support his household alone
acting insufficiently masculine
1. What’s your opinion of the life of a “trophy
wife”? Do you think it is a good life choice for a
woman?
2. What do you think is an ideal relationship
between husband and wife in modern families?
3. Compare women’s status in today’s China with
that before 1949. What do you think are the most
significant progresses in women’s rights?
4. Suppose you were a man working in a large
company. How would you feel if a woman were
your boss?
5. There are much fewer women than men in top
political positions. What do you think are the
reasons for this?
Tips
Tips
Tips
Tips
Tips
1. What’s your opinion of the life of a “trophy
wife”? Do you think it is a good life choice for a
woman?
Tips
•Yes, I agree. The tradition in our society is that men
are the breadwinner and women are the homemaker.
• No, I do not agree with this view. In the modern
society, many women have a successful career, and
they sometimes are even more powerful than men.
Meanwhile women tend to do most of the housework
at home. Therefore, I don’t think men carry more
weight in life than women.
2. What do you think is an ideal relationship
between husband and wife in modern families?
Tips
In my opinion, an ideal relationship between
husband and wife is rooted in three basic principles:
• equal share of responsibilities for housework such
as cooking and cleaning;
• equal rights in making decisions about family
related issues;
• mutual care, support and respect.
3. Compare women’s status in today’s China with
that before 1949. What do you think are the most
significant progresses in women’s rights?
Tips
• The most significant progresses in women’s rights
we have achieved since 1949 lie in education,
employment and personal freedom.
• Furthermore, women have personal freedom
protected by law, for example, the freedom of
choosing the man they want to marry.
4. Suppose you were a man working in a large
company. How would you feel if a woman were
your boss?
Tips
• I would feel nothing special or strange. What
determines whether a person can be a boss or not
is his or her ability.
• I might feel uneasy if I were a man and worked for
a female boss. We live in a society that is
traditionally male-dominant, which means men are
supposed to do better or be more powerful than
women.
5. There are much fewer women than men in top
political positions. What do you think are the
reasons for this?
Tips
• First, by nature women tend to be more family
oriented.
• Second, traditionally men seem to be more
interested in politics than women.
• Thirdly, there exist some biases against women.
Cultural Exploration
Cinderella
1. Do you know how to interpret Cinderella from the
feminist perspective?
Tips
2. Can you revise the traditional version of the fairy
tale “Cinderella” and show us the image of new
Cinderella?
Tips
1. Do you know how to interpret Cinderella from
the feminist perspective?
Tips
Cinderella is shaped by her society. Her
culture has all too often presented her with
stereotypes, which she and many others like
her have blindly accepted. Women at that time
are often oppressed and belittled. If, however,
women will only bear with patience their lot in
life, be good-natured and meek, they will be
rewarded and rescued by men.
2. Can you revise the traditional version of the fairy
tale “Cinderella” and show us the image of new
Cinderella?
Tips
• She should not mindlessly wait for a
handsome prince to come to the rescue. Maybe
she observes that the prince does not seem to
be as attractive as he was the other night at the
ball.
• She must not weep about their lot in life but
take an active part in creating and determining
their own lives and their own futures.
SECTION
B
What does feminism really
mean?
Comparative Study
Thematic Study
Language Features Analysis
1. Compare masculinism and feminism.
Tips
2. What’s your perceptions on ideal gender
relationships?
Tips
1. Compare masculinism and feminism.
Masculinism
1. Men are naturally
superior to women;
2. Men are the main
stay in that society;
3. The features of men
are positive, while the
features of women are
negative.
Feminism
1. Women are equal to
men;
2. Women needn’t to
become or displace
men;
3. No one feel colonized
or oppressed because
of the roles they fill.
2. What’s your perceptions on ideal gender
relationships?
Tips
Explore the harmonious co-existence of male and
female:
• All men are born equally.
• Men and women should have equal
opportunities. They all should be respected for
their achievements whatever the roles they fill.
• Women’s ability should be approved by men. A
man is comfortable making less money than his
female friends or his wife.
Based on your study of
the two texts, compare
the writing styles of the
two texts in terms of their
typical language features.
1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?
Tips
2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.
Tips
1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?
Tips
Text A The author uses a number of parallel
structures, which makes the presentation of
supporting details for his argument effective
and forceful.
Text B is typical of comparison and contrast.
2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.
Tips
Text A The author employs a large number of
parallel structures of verbs and adjectives to
make his description lively and precise, and
make his argument effective.
In the evenings and on weekends, they labored
equally hard, working on their own small tract of
land, fixing broken-down cars, repairing broken
shutters and drafty windows.
Text B The social status of women vs. that of
men greatly help the readers gain insights into
the real meaning of feminism：gender equality.
SECTIOIN
B
Unit Project
Doing a Report
Speech writing
What does feminism really
mean?
Doing a Report
Doing a report on the
gender-major relationships
in universities
Doing a Report
An important issue of gender equality is the right to
education. In this project, you will work in small
groups of four or five to investigate the situation in
your school. You need to collect information on the
ratios of female to male students and to find out
whether there is any relationship between these
ratios and students’ majors or subject fields.
Doing a Report
1 Select five majors or departments in your
university and decide the size of the sample
for each major .
2 Collect and analyze your data. Compare
the ratios across the five majors to see
whether you can find any relationship
between gender and majors.
3 Discuss the potential reasons for the
existence / lack of differences between
different majors in terms of gender ratio.
4 Present your findings to
the class.
Speech Writing
Writing a report on the gender-major
relationships in universities
Present your findings in class based on the
following outline:
• Purpose of your project
• Research methods: What are the five majors you
selected, and why did you select them? What was
your sample size for each major? How did you
analyze the data?
• Findings
• Factors that account for the findings
Speech Writing
Here are some hints for your writing
• Career plans
• Personal interest
• Traditional views toward gender roles
• Intrinsic biological differences between
genders
SECTION
B
What does feminism really
mean?
The End