Download Chapter 10 Structure and Function of DNA

Review Sheet
Final (80 questions, 2 AP Essays)
Approx. half of test will be chapters 9 and 10
Chapter 9
Mendelian Genetics
Monohybrid cross
Dihybrid Cross
Incomplete Dominance
Complete Dominance
Codominance (blood types)
Epistasis
Pleiotropy
Polygentic inheritance
Morgan’s Experiments
Recombinants vs. Parental Type
Linked Genes – When does this happen in meiosis?
Wildtype vs mutants
Sex-linked traits
Map units
Lab
Sordaria Crossing over
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab3/design2.html
Pedigrees
Aminocentesis vs CVS
Human Traits (Dominant, recessive, sex-linked)
Tay sachs, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Huntington’s disease, blood types
Genetics problems and probability
What is the connection with heredity and meiosis?
How does meiosis help explain what Mendel and Morgan observed?
Chapter 10
Structure and Function of DNA
Watson and Crick Model of DNA
Who were Watson, Crick, Wilkins, Franklin?
Chargaff’s rules
Purines vs Pyrmidines
Hershey-Chase experiment – what was the significance?
Meselson-Stahl experiment – what was the significance? http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120076/bio22.swf::
Meselson%20and%20Stahl%20Experiment
Complementary Base Pairing
What is a nucleotide?
What is the backbone
Where are the 5’ and 3’ sugars on ribose?
DNA replication
DNA polymerase
Primers
5’ to 3’ direction
Helicase
Ligase
Semiconservative
Templates
Leading strand
Lagging Strand
How is DNA replication related to S- Phase?
Primase
Okazaki Fragments
What is significant about the 3’-OH
Why do chromosomes get shorter and shorter every round of replication?
What are telomeres?
What is telomerase?
What happens if there is a mistake?
What is the role of single-stranded binding proteins
Protein Synthesis
Central Dogma
DNA -> mRNA -> protein -> trait
RNA vs DNA
Single stranded
Uracil
Ribose
mRNA, rRNA, tRNA
RNA can move in and out of the nucleus
Transcription (DNA -> RNA)
Initiation
Promoter
TATA box
Transcription Factors
RNA polymerase
Elongation
RNA polymerase
5’to 3’
single stranded mRNA
Termination
Terminator Sequence
RNA processing
Just know that this happens to mRNA prior to leaving the nucleus
Translation (RNA -> amino acids)
Ribosomes
Small subunit
Large Subunit
E P A sites
Codons
Know how to use the decoder
tRNA
anticodons
amino acid attachment site
Stop codons
Review chapter review guides, summer ecology packet
Ecology, biochemistry, Enzymes, cells and organelles, metabolism (cellular respiration and
photosynthesis), CAM vs. C4, mitosis and meiosis, cancer,