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Unit 1: Lesson 1
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Sort and Predict

Sort the terms on the left into either Human or Physical
Geography

Reminder: Human Geography is anything human made and
Physical Geography is anything naturally made
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If you don’t know what a word means, use the following steps:
1. Ask your neighbour
2. Ask the person behind or in front of you
3. Ask the teacher
+ Lesson #1 Notes

Physical Geography
 Anything that is naturally made or made by nature
 Lasts for a long time and not easily changed
 Eg: Rivers, Mountains, Oceans, Lakes, Forests, Icebergs, etc.
 NOTE: As human population grows, more and more
physical geography is being changed by humans including
plants (trees, crops), lakes, forests
 Can you think of other physical geography that is changed
by humans?
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Human Geography
 Anything that is made by humans
 Doesn’t last as long and is easier to change
 Eg: Roads, Towns, Cities, Borders, Provinces, etc.
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6 Physical Regions of Canada
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1. Arctic Region (Green)
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Located in the Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut,
Northern Quebec and the most northern tip of Newfoundland
and Labrador.
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Physical features: permafrost, Mountains, rocks, Glaciers,
Trees/dwarf trees until tree line, fjords, moss, northern lights,
polar ice cap, etc
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Population: lowest population in Canada and mostly Inuit
(Aboriginal)
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Immigration: in recent years there has been many jobs in the
gas/oil industry and in diamond mining which is bringing
more people and jobs to the north
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2. Western Cordillera (Red)
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Located on the West Coast and includes British Columbia, the
Yukon, Southwest corner of the Northwest Territories, and the
southwest of Alberta.
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Physical Features: forests, mountains, ocean, rarely has snow
but gets lots of rain.
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Population: Most people live along the coast and Vancouver
is one of the highest populated areas of Canada.
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Immigration: For a very long time, people from China and
Japan have been immigrating to this area but many people
when they retire move to this area as well for the warmer
weather however, it is one of the most expensive places to
live in Canada so less people are retiring there now.
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3. Prairie Region (Orange)
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Found in the Yukon, Northwest Territories, British Columbia,
Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba (it is more than the
prairie provinces)
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Physical features: prairie grasslands, flat elevation, hills, low
mountains, wide river valleys, forests, sand dunes,
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Population: the southern part of the plains is more populated
than the northern but many cities and towns are located close
to rivers and/or lakes
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Immigration: Many Europeans moved here in the 1800’s for
the main industry of agriculture but now with the boom of the
oil/gas industry in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Southwestern
Manitoba, many people are moving to these areas for work.
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4. Canadian Shield (Yellow)
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The biggest region and goes around Hudson’s Bay in a
horseshoe shape. It includes the Northwest Territories,
Nunavut, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec
and Newfoundland and Labrador.
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Physical Features: Rocks, Trees (particularly pines and firs),
rivers, lakes, etc.
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Population: The Southern part is more populated but the
shield is another lowly populated area of Canada
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Immigration: The Shield was used mainly for the fur trade
when Canada was a colony so Aboriginals and Europeans
alike lived throughout the region, since then not a lot has
changed, forestry, minerals, and hydro electricity are the
main industries but don’t require a lot of people.
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5. St. Lawrence-Great Lakes
Lowlands (Pink)
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Located along the St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes and
includes the southern areas of Ontario and Quebec.
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Physical Features: lots of water (rivers and lakes), fertile/rich
soil, trees, etc.
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Population: The most populated area of Canada with many of
the major cities located here including Toronto, Ottawa,
Montreal, Quebec City, London, Hamilton, etc.
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Immigration: This was one of the first places settled by
Europeans when Canada became a colony but Aboriginal
peoples had been living there long before that. The main
industry is manufacturing which requires many people and it
is where many people first immigrate.
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6. Atlantic Region (Purple)
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Includes the four Atlantic provinces, New Brunswick, Nova
Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland but also
most of the Gaspe Peninsula in Quebec.
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Physical Features: Oceans, rocks, trees, inlets, warmer climate
than plains but has lots of rain and snow, etc.
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Population: More populated along the coast lines but not as
populated as the Cordillera and Great Lakes areas
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Immigration: This was the first place Europeans settled when
they were exploring but again Aboriginals had lived here
long before that. It’s main industry is the fishery which has
not been doing well so many have had to leave to find work
in recent years. However, the off shore oil rigs have renewed
the economy a bit a brought some people back.
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Quick Review
 What
are the 10 provinces in Canada?
British Columbia
2. Alberta
3. Saskatchewan
4. Manitoba
5. Ontario
6. Quebec
7. New Brunswick
8. Prince Edward Island
9. Nova Scotia
10. Newfoundland and Labrador
1.
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What are the 3 Territories?
1.
Yukon
2.
Northwest Territories
3.
Nunavut
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What are the capitals of each
province?
1.
British Columbia – Victoria
2.
Alberta – Edmonton
3.
Saskatchewan – Regina
4.
Manitoba – Winnipeg
5.
Ontario – Toronto
6.
Quebec – Quebec City
7.
New Brunswick – Fredericton
8.
Nova Scotia – Halifax
9.
Prince Edward Island – Charlottetown
10.
Newfoundland and Labrador – St. John’s
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What are the Capitals of the
Territories?
1.
Yukon – Whitehorse
2.
Northwest Territories – Yellowknife
3.
Nunavut – Iqaluit
WHAT IS THE CAPITAL OF CANADA?
Ottawa, Ontario
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Assignment #1: Map of Canada
 In
your booklet, you will find an assignment
description of this assignment as well as a
marking rubric that tells you how you will
be marked for this assignment.
 You
will need to get a Map of Canada from
Miss Boyd as this wouldn’t fit in the booklet.
 This
is an individual assignment – You will
need an atlas and your notes to help you