* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Development of a quantitative real time PCR assay
Eradication of infectious diseases wikipedia , lookup
African trypanosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Rocky Mountain spotted fever wikipedia , lookup
Herpes simplex wikipedia , lookup
Schistosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Yellow fever wikipedia , lookup
Leptospirosis wikipedia , lookup
Oesophagostomum wikipedia , lookup
Influenza A virus wikipedia , lookup
2015–16 Zika virus epidemic wikipedia , lookup
Hepatitis C wikipedia , lookup
Neonatal infection wikipedia , lookup
Ebola virus disease wikipedia , lookup
Antiviral drug wikipedia , lookup
Hospital-acquired infection wikipedia , lookup
Human cytomegalovirus wikipedia , lookup
Middle East respiratory syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Herpes simplex virus wikipedia , lookup
West Nile fever wikipedia , lookup
Hepatitis B wikipedia , lookup
Marburg virus disease wikipedia , lookup
Henipavirus wikipedia , lookup
FIRST HUMAN CASE OF HANTA VIRUS INFECTION IN SWITZERLAND D. Schultze 1 2 3 4 1, Å. Lundkvist 2, U. Blauenstein 3, P. Heyman Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Immunology,St. Gallen, Switzerland Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden University Childrens Hospital, Basel, Switzerland Research Laboratory for Vector-Borne Diseases and National Reference Center for Hantavirus Infections, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussels, Belgium Prologue [Troillet N. Institut Central des Hopitaux Valaisans; Rev Med Suisse Romande 1997 Jan;117(1):3-11] Switzerland - a white spot for hantaviruses ? [Vaheri A. 2000, Haartman Institute, Helsinki, 2000;personal communication] Introduction to Hantaviruses Worldwide natural reservoir of hantaviruses pathogenic for humans : Rodentia (Order), Muridae (Family) with chronic persistent infection Microtus arvalis, known to carry Tula virus Transmission of Hantaviruses to humans via - respiratory route (common) - bite (rare) - person-to-person (only Andes virus) Case report Hantavirus serology Day 42 Day 49 5.9 2.1 0.052 - 0.47 - Hantavirus IgM (MRL) Hantavirus IgG (MRL) TULV-IgM (EIA) TULV-FRNT Day 146 0.3 6.5 0.030 160 Out-patient Day Incident 0 Rodent bite 6-11 Paronychia Incision of 8 paronychia 8-11 Fever 18 Fever 39-41 Fever Day 294 0.3 2.5 - Hantavirus serology indicates a recent infection with TULV: - high IgM index in acute-phase serum samples and a rise of IgG index (Hantavirus ELISA, MRL Diagnostics, USA) - confirmed by seroconversion of IgM in Tula virus (TULV) enzyme immuno assay* Definite diagnosis and serological typing of TULV by: - Tula virus -specific focus reduction neutralisation test (FRNT)** - on convalescent serum, 21 weeks after the rodent bite *Lundkvist Å et al. Virus Research (1996) 45:29-44. **Lundkvist Å et al. Journal of Medical Virology (1997) 53:51-59. Hantavirus foci peroxidase-stained in one well from a tissue culture plate [Niklasson et al. Am. J.Trop.Med.Hyg. 1991, 660-665] - Asymptomatic & non-specific mild infections outnumber symptomatic, characteristic infections Two broad clinical presentations : - HFRS - Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, Asia & Europe - Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, North & South America 60'000 to 100'000 hospitalised cases of hantavirus disease / year August 2000 Kaiseraugst, nearby Basel: a 12 year old boy caught a small rodent, hours later rodent bit the boy Medical record Serology 61st Annual Assembly of Swiss Society for Microbiology, Luzern, 20-21 February 2002 Clinical features of Hantavirus infections Hantavirus: an ignored pandemic in Switzerland ? Family Bunyaviridae, Genus Hantavirus, > 20 sero / genotypes, 100 nm, enveloped, negative sense, tri-segmented RNA 4 Hospital stay Day Incident 42 Fever 42-49 Exanthema Antibiotic 49-62 treatment Follow-up Day Incident 146 None 294 None The history of Tula virus [Plyusnin A et al. Journ Virol (1994) 68:7833-7839 / [Plyusnin A, Morzunov SP; Microbiology and Immunology (2001) 256: 47-75] 1994 Tula virus in Microtus arvalis, trapped 1987 in Tula, 100 km south of Moskow 1996/7 Tula virus in voles from Czech Rep, Slovakia & Austria 2001 Tula virus -genome sequences in rodents in CH 2001 Tula virus -specific antibodies in one serum from a healthy blood donor from the Czech Republic Tula virus considered apathogenic to humans so far Summary First documented case of Hantavirus infection in CH First documented case of acute infection with serotype Tula virus, associated with symptoms uncommon for Hantavirus disease Rare case of Hantavirus infection in context with a rodent bite Awareness of Hantavirus diseases in Switzerland is warranted Acknowledgement This work was enabled by cooperation of the authors within the European Network of <Imported> Viral Diseases (http://www.enivd.de)