Download Academic Chemistry Atomic History Study Guide 1. Identify and

Academic Chemistry
Atomic History Study Guide
1. Identify and explain the two ancient Greek theories of matter and who proposed
each.
a)
b)
2. Identify and explain the three laws which caused doubt in Aristotle’s theory and
provided evidence for Dalton’s Atomic Theory. Identify the person responsible for the
statement of each law.
a)
b)
c)
3. State the main ideas of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
4. Give two differences between the modern atomic theory and Dalton’s atomic theory.
a)
b)
5. Complete the following chart about the subatomic particles.
Name
Charge
Location
Mass
Discoverer
6. Describe the following four experiments discussed in this unit. Please be sure to
identify who was responsible for the development of each experiment.
a) Vacuum tubes and the Electron
b) Gold Foil Experiment and/or Gold Foil Experiment
c) Oil Drop Experiment
d) Franklin’s Kite Experiment
7. The two types of electrical charges identified by Franklin are ________________ &
____________________.
8. In 1839 Michael Faraday predicted that electricity was tied to the structure of the
atom. It wasn’t until 1899 that his prediction was proven correct by ______________
_________________ when he discovered electrons, which were originally called
____________________ ________________.
9. In 1896 _______________ ____________________ accidentally discovered
radiation but the three types; ______________, _____________, and ____________
were not identified until 1900 by ______________ _____________________.
10. A young engineer named ________________ ________________, who was killed
in World War I, contributed greatly to science prior to his death by discovering the
atomic number.
11. According to the laws of classical physics, a charged particle traveling on a curved
path will lose energy. This would cause an electron to drop into the nucleus, which
would destroy the atom. __________ _____________ proposed a new model of the
atom that allowed electrons to circle the nucleus but only on specified paths (orbits)
which for some reason were stable. The study of the motion of electrons lead to the
development of a new branch of physics called _________________ mechanics.
12. One part of the Bohr model which is still in use today is the equation used to
determine the number of electrons allowed in each energy level of the atom. Please
state the equation and identify what each symbol represents.
13. The study of light lead to much advancement in Atomic structure. _____________
_______________ developed a formula, which can be used to calculate the amount of
energy in any color of light. This equation built on the work of James Clerk Maxwell
who theorized that light actually had wave characteristics.
14. One of the flaws in the Bohr model of the atom was pointed out by _____________
__________________ when he stated the Uncertainty Principle, which stated
______________________________________________________________________
______.
15. The ground breaking work of Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch on nuclear fission, which
eventually lead to the production of nuclear weapons, provided insight into the internal
structure and composition of the atomic nucleus. Describe their discovery.
16. _______________ ____________________ developed mathematical equations
which allowed super computers to calculate the probability of finding an electron at any
point in space around the nucleus. When combined the points of high probablilty
produced 3D shapes called __________________ where it was most likely you would
find the electrons.
17. Two scientists, _____________ _______________ and ________________
___________-________________ proposed a controversial theory in which the
subatomic particles as we know them are actually composed of even smaller parts
called ___________________.
18. We examined five models of Atoms in this unit. Identify, draw and explain the five
models.
a) Dalton’s Model
b) Thomson’s Model
c) Rutherford’s Model
d) Bohr’s Model
e) Quantum Mechanical Model(electron cloud model)