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CELLS AND LIFE REVIEW KEY – LESSON 1
• 1. Which three scientists long ago
helped develop the cell theory?
• Robert Hooke
• Matthias Schleiden
• Rudolf Virchow
2. WHAT ARE THE THREE PARTS OF CELL THEORY?
• 1. All living things are made of one or more
cells
• 2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
• 3. All new cells form from existing cells.
MACROMOLECULE
•What does “macr” mean?
•If you have your blue page, look at
that!
•What does “cule” mean?
SO
• Macr = large
• Cule = small
• And “mole” = mass
So “macromolecule” = large, mass that is small
3.HOW DO MACROMOLECULES FORM?
•Smaller molecules join
together
4. WHAT ROLE DOES WATER PLAY IN
CELL SURVIVAL?
• 1. surrounds the cell
• 2. makes up large part of cell
• 3. creates a stable environment
• 4. ideal for dissolving other substances
5.WHAT DO NUCLEIC ACIDS CONTAIN?
•genetic information
6. WHAT ROLE DO LIPIDS PLAY IN THE HEALTH
OF A CELL?
energy storage
protective membranes
communication
7. WHAT ROLE DO CARBOHYDRATES
PLAY IN THE HEALTH OF A CELL?
•1. energy storage
•2. structural support
•3. communication
8.WHAT DO LIPIDS NOT DO?
•dissolve in water
PROTEINS –
•1 communication
•2. Transport
•3. Chemical breakdown of substances
•4. Structural support
CARBOHYDRATE
1. Energy storage
2. Structural support
3. Communication
LIPIDS
1. Energy Storage
2. Protective membranes
3. Communication
NUCLEAIC ACIDS
•– contain genetic information
• Water is the main ingredient in every cell.
LESSON 2
• 1. What is a stiff structure outside the cell
membrane? cell wall
• 2. In which organelle does photosynthesis
take place? chloroplast
• 3. Which organelles store food, water, and
waste material? vacuoles
COMMON TO PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS:
• 4. What is a flexible barrier that protects the inside of
a cell? cell membrane
• 5. What are short, hairlike structures that help move a
cell? cilia
• 6. What is the fluid that fills the inside of the cell?
cytoplasm
• 7. What gives framework to a cell and helps it move?
cytoskeleton
COMMON TO ALL EUKARYOTIC CELLS (PLANTS,
ANIMALS, FUNGI, AND PROTISTS):
• 8. Which organelle contains genetic information and
controls the cell? nucleus
• 9. In which organelle are proteins made? ribosome
• 10. What removes harmful substances for a cell?
endoplasmic reticulum
• 11. Which organelle releases energy in a cell?
mitochondria
• 12. Which organelle prepares proteins for
specific jobs? Golgi apparatus
• 13. Which organelle carries substances to
other parts of a cell? vesicle
• 14. Which vacuole-like structures break
down and recycle cell parts? lysosome
LESSON 3 | MOVING CELLULAR MATERIAL
• What passes through a cell using passive
transport?
•
1. oxygen, carbon dioxide, other
small molecules
WHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT?
• 2. diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
PASSIVE TRANSPORT
• https://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/passivetransport/
3. HOW DO SUBSTANCES MOVE IN PASSIVE
TRANSPORT?
• 3. from higher to lower concentration
4. WHAT IS THE DIFFUSION OF WATER MOLECULES ONLY?
• 4. osmosis
WHAT IS USED IN FACILITATED DIFFUSION TO ASSIST THE
TRANSPORT OF SUGAR AND SODIUM MOLECULES?
• 5. carrier proteins, channel proteins
DIFFUSION
• https://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/diffusion/
WHAT IS ONLY USED IN ACTIVE TRANSPORT?
• 6. energy
HOW DO SUBSTANCES MOVE IN ACTIVE TRANSPORT?
• 7. from lower to higher concentration
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
• https://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/activetransport/
WHICH PROTEINS ARE USED IN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
TRANSPORT?
• 8. carrier proteins
WHAT DOES A CELL DO TO A SUBSTANCE IN
ENDOCYTOSIS?
• 9. surrounds it and brings it inside the
cell
WHAT DOES A CELL USE TO ELIMINATE (GET RID OF) A
SUBSTANCE THAT IS TO LARGE TO LEAVE BY
DIFFUSION?
•
10. exocytosis
WHICH STRUCTURES JOIN WITH THE CELL’S
MEMBRANE DURING EXOCYTOSIS?
•
11. vesicles (sounds like vehicle,
something that helps you move
around)
CELL SPECIALIZATION
DO NOT USE ENERGY
(in any order) diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, osmosis;
USE ENERGY
• (in any order) endocytosis;
exocytosis
LESSON 4 CELLS AND ENERGY
• Go to the flow chart on the following
page – you will do the numbers after
CELLS AND
ENERGY – THE
STEPS OF
CELLULAR
RESPIRATION.
6/7 – in either order
are the last two
Water is released
from the cell
Carbon dioxide is
released from the
cell
1. Sugar molecules
enter a cell
5. Large amounts
of ATP are
produced
4. Small molecules
enter mitochondria
2. Chemical
reactions occur in
the cells cytoplasm
3. Small amounts
of ATP are released
CELL STRUCTURES
• https://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cellstructures/
• 1.The organelles in plants that convert light energy to
food during photosynthesis are chloroplasts.
• 2. A process that breaks down glucose into smaller
molecules and produces ATP is called glycolysis .
• 3.A series of chemical reactions that converts the
energy in food into ATP is called cellular respiration.
• 4. Cheese, yogurt, and sour cream are made when
bacteria carry out lactic acid fermentation.
• 5. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell.
• 6. When yeasts in bread dough carry out alcohol
fermentation, they produce the carbon dioxide that
causes dough to rise.
• 7. The second step in cellular respiration occurs in a
cell’s mitochondria.
LABEL
• A – Central vacuole
• B – Cell Wall
• C – cell membrane
• D – chloroplast
• E – nucleus
• F - mitochondrion
TURN IN TO YOUR CLASS PERIOD IN BOX
• https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-we-think-complex-cells-evolved-adam-jacobson