Download Cell Structure Study Guide Answer Key

Cells Structure and Function Study Guide – Answer Key
Lesson 1 OUTBREAK!
1. Think about the infectious disease you modeled and how it was spread in the
community. What are some things that could be done to prevent the disease
from spreading? You may suggest such actions as:
 Don’t swim in or even go near the lake.
 Post signs warning people to stay away.
 Be sure the lake is not used for drinking water or landscape watering.
2. Imagine that you are the director to the health department in the town where
the disease is spreading. It is your job to help prevent people from getting sick.
Explain what actions you would recommend to try to end the outbreak.
SAMPLE ANSWER (2 recommendations): I would recommend that people stay away from the
lake. I would put up warning signs around the lake. I would publicize this problem through the
Internet, newspapers, and radio stations and suggest that anyone who has recently visited the
lake seek medical attention if they become sick.
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Lesson 3
1) Compare the onion cell, elodea leaf and human cheek cells you observed.
a) What structures do they have in common? Explain.
All of the cells observed have a cell membrane and a nucleus. However, what
looks like a membrane around onion cell is a cell wall. The cell membrane
inside the cell wall is probably not visible. All of the cells have cytoplasm as
well. The cheek cell has cytoplasm that stains a pinkish purple color. The
elodea and onion cells have cytoplasm – harder to see until you stain onion cell
and the cytoplasm stains orange.
b) How are the cells different? Explain.
The cells have different shapes. Cheek cells are somewhat circular and the
plant cells are both rectangular. The cheek cell appears to have tiny structures
in cytoplasm. The onion cell looks empty (due to large vacuole that pushes
cytoplasm to edge of cell.) The elodea cells has green structures called
chloroplasts.
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Lesson 4
This diagram shows the outline of a “typical cell.” The animal and plants cell
models are below along with the list of organelles and their functions.
Cell organelle
Cell function
Endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles
Carry materials from one place to another
Cytoskeleton, cell wall
Provide support
Nucleus
Directs the activities of the organism or the cell
Vesicles
Excrete wastes
Lysosomes
Destroys wastes
Cytoskeleton
Movement
Cell membrane
Controls what enters the cell
Cytoplasm, mitochondria
Breaks down food for energy
Golgi Apparatus
Sorts and packages proteins
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Plant cell only structures
Cell wall
chloroplast
Plant cell functions
Provides structure
Where photosynthesis occurs
and provides plant cells with
food (sugars)
Stores water in plant
1 Large vacuole (animal cell has
several small)
Lesson 5: Single Celled Microorganisms
1. Identify the protist on the line below each picture. Choose from this list of
microorganisms:
Euglena
Amoeba
Bacteria
Paramecium
Label structures A, B and C in each drawing beside the letter.
pseudopod
C
A
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Amoeba
C
B
Cell membrane
chloroplast
flagella
Euglena
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B
A
B
cytoplasm
Cell membrane
C
A
cilia
Paramecium
Lesson 6 Microbes
Would you describe bacteria as being harmful or helpful to people? Explain.
Bacteria may be helpful, such as the bacteria that live in our digestive system.
Other bacteria can make us ill and cause disease.
Why are viruses not considered to be microorganisms?
Viruses are not cells. They don’t perform most cell functions. Viruses do not
grow and reproduce by themselves.
How do the sizes of protists, bacteria and viruses compare?
Protists are a lot bigger than bacteria, and bacteria are a lot bigger than viruses.
What are the advantages of using the highest power objective on a microscope?
What are the advantages of using the lowest power objective on a microscope?
Explain.
The higher power of a microscope shows greater detail. The lower power shows
a wider field of view (more area).
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