Download The Human Human cognition Two cognition mode Cognitive

Fang Chen
Spring 2004
Human cognition
The Human
• Understand human capacity and
limitation
• Related to HCI
• Norman (1993) distinguishes between
two general modes:
– Experiential and reflective cognition
Based on Dix et al., 2003
Two cognition mode
• experiential
– Perceive, act, and react to events around us
effectively and effortlessly
– It requires reaching a certain levels of expertise
and engagement
• Reflective
– Thinking, comparing, and decision-making
– Leads to new ideas and creativity
The human
• Information i/o …
Cognitive process
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Attention
Perception and recognition
Memory
Learning
Reading, speaking, and listening
Problem solving, planning, reasoning,
decision making
The sensors on human body
- Sensory modalities
On muscles:
• Muscle and tendon receptors
– visual, auditory, haptic, movement
• Information stored in memory
– sensory, short-term, long-term
• Information processed and applied
– reasoning, problem solving, skill, error
• Emotion influences human capabilities
• Each person is different
On joints:
•Changes in joint
position
•Speed of movement
•Position of the joint
•Pain sensation
On the head
•Vision
•Hearing
•Balance
•Taste
•Smell
On the skin:
•Head-cold
•Pain
•Touch-Pressure
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Fang Chen
Spring 2004
The
misshape
n
somatic
sensory
cortex
Schematic diagram of a neuron structure
The relationship of CNS
Dendrites
Level 3
End foot from other neuron
Level 2
Level 4
Level 4
Level 3
Nucleus
Cell body
Primary
sensory cortex
Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
End foot
Axon
Human Visual System
Level 4
Level 3
Level 4
Optical Illusions 3/5
• Light passes through lens
• Focussed on retina
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Fang Chen
Interpreting the signal
• Size and depth
Spring 2004
Color Sensitivity
Really yellow
– visual angle, visual acuity , familiar
objects, cues.
• Brightness
• Colour
from: http://www.cs.gsu.edu/classes/hypgraph/color/coloreff.htm
Interpreting the signal
(cont)
• Visual processing involves the
transformation and interpretation of a
complete image
• Expectations affects the way an image
is perceived
• The visual system compensates for:
– Movement and changes in luminance.
• Context is used to resolve ambiguity
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