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Name:______________________
Date:____________________
Period:_____
Genetics (6.3-6.5 and 7.1-7.4)
6.3 Mendel and Heredity (B.5.2 Describe how hereditary information passed from parents to offspring
is encoded in regions called genes).
1. Genetics involve __________________ being passed from parent to offspring and is the study of
biological _______________ patterns and __________________ in organisms.
2. Who was the first person to use clues to understand inheritance?
3. What plant did he study?
4. How did he control his experiment (prevent any self-fertlization)?
5. If any organism receives different genetic traits from both its parents, it is a _________________. If it
receives the same genetic traits from both its parent is a ___________________.
6. Mendel crossed a pure yellow with pure green in the P generation (parental). He got all hybrids in the F1.
He then let them fertilize each other and got 3 yellow and 1 green. Please show this experiment.
P
F1
F2
7. In the F1 generation, he realized that some “alleles” were ____________________. In the previous
example, what is the “allele” that was hidden?
8. What are Mendel’s 7 traits of the pea that he studied?
1.
3.
2.
4.
5.
6.
7.
9. What is Mendel’s First Law of Segregation? (There are 2 parts).
1.
2.
6.4 Traits, Genes and Alleles (B.5.2 Describe how hereditary information passed from parents to
offspring is encoded in regions called genes).
1. The vast amount of information encoded in _______ is organized into units called ________.
2. A _______ is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein. Proteins are your _____________. So, genes play an
important role in determining how a person’s body develops and functions.
3. Draw a chromosome and label a gene.
4. How many alleles do you inherit for each trait?
5. If yellow is dominant to green, using the letters Y,y show the following genotypes and list the phenotypes.
Genotype
Phenotype
Homozygous (pure) dominant
Homozygous (pure) recessive
Heterozygous (hybrid) dominant
6.5 Traits and Probablity (B.7.1 Distinguish between dominant and recessive alleles and determine the
phenotype that would result from the different possible combinations of alleles in an offspring.) (B.7.3
Determine the likelihood of the appearance of a specific trait in an offspring given the genetic make-up of
the parents).
1. Show a punnett square. Yellow is dominant to green. In box 1, cross a heterozygous yellow pea with
a pure yellow pea. In box 2, cross a pure yellow with a green pea. Show the genotype and phenotype
ratios.
1.
2.
2. We use a _______________________ to find an unknown genotype.
3. A __________________ cross is one where you only deal with one trait. (MM x mm)
4. A dihybrid cross examines the inheritance of _______ different traits.( MMYy x mmYy)
5.Mendel’s 2nd law is the law of ___________________ __________________. It states that ____________
pairs __________________ independently of each other during gamete formation of meiosis. In other words
Traits are inherited ___________________. For example, hair color and widows peak are
_________inherited together.
6. Punnett square do not give the ______________ outcomes of offspring, but just show the
_______________ of each trait being inherited.
7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype and 7.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance (B.7.2 Describe
dominant, recessive, co-dominant, sex-linked, incomplete dominant, multiple allele and polygenic
traits and illustrate their inheritance patterns over multiple generations).
1. Sometimes 2 parents do not have a disorder, but have a child with it. These parents are known as
______________ and the disease would have to be _____________________.
Show the punnet square for Cystic Fibrosis in question 1 using the letter C.
2. Complete the table.
Inheritance pattern
Mendelian Genetics
Co-dominant
Sex-Linked
Involves sex chromosomes (___
and ____)
Incomplete dominance
Intermediate phenotype, one
allele is not completely
___________________ over
another.
Multiple alleles
Genes with 3 or more alleles (you
still only inherit _____ from each
parent)
More than 1 gene influences a
trait.
Polygenic traits
3.
Description
Dominant and recessive traits
expressed
2 _____________ alleles
expressed at same time
Example
Give 2 examples of how the environment interacts with the genotype and affects phenotype.
1.
2.
7.3. Gene Linkage and Mapping (B.5.2 Describe how hereditary information passed from parents to
offspring is encoded in regions called genes).
1. What is a gene map?
2. Genes located _______________ apart on a chromosome are _____________ likely to cross over.
3. Genes located closest together are said to be ______________.
7.4 Human Genetics and Pedigrees (B.7.3 Determine the likelihood of the appearance of a specific
trait in an offspring given the genetic make-up of the parents).
1. Females can be ________________ of sex-linked disorders, and this gene could be passed on to her
_______.
Show this example for Colorblindness, which is a recessive sex-linked disorder.
2. The X chromosome carries about ____________ genes, where the Y carries about ________ known
genes.
3. We use a ___________________ to trace the phenotypes and genotypes in a family. It can trace
________________ genes or ___________________ genes. (See page 215)
4.
A ______________ is a picture of all of the chromosomes in a cell. What are some diseases we can
diagnose using this tool?