Download GO 1_1Examing Biological Diveristy

G.O.1 Biological diversity is reflected in the
variety of life on Earth.
Biodiversity

What does diversity mean? How can we represent “diversity” in a group of
students?

“Biodiversity”, or “biological diversity”, refers to all living organisms on the
earth.


Definition for organism = an organism is any contiguous living system
(such as animal, fungus, micro-organism, or plant). In at least some form,
all types of organisms are capable of response to stimuli, reproduction,
growth and development, and maintenance of homeostasis as a stable
whole.
Scientists study biodiversity in small groupings in order to track changes.

Why would they want to track changes?

What type of change would they track?

What could be done to minimize these changes?
“Why do we have to learn
this”
 We’re all connected
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9laQwaKOW8s
 Think about every action you have taken
today…how many organisms were influenced or
required for those actions to take place? Make a
list…
WHAT CHARACTERISTICS DO
ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE IN
COMMON
 All living things have the
following in common.
They are:
 Made up of cells
 Need energy
 grow and develop
 Reproduce
 Have adaptations to
help them survive
What is a Species?
•A species is a particular group of organisms that
have the same structure and can reproduce with each
other.
• Of the 30 - 100 million possible different species of
living things, there are over 1.5 million species of
animals and 350.000 species of plants that have been
identified by biologists.
• The most successful life form seems to be the
insect.
What is an ecosystem?
 An ecosystem refers to all the animals and
plants found in one place, and the way they
all live together.
 Different plants and animals live in
different ecosystems.
 Different ecosystems can be close
together.
 Some animals belong to several ecosystems.
What are the Components
Earth’s biodiversity?
Components of biodiversity:
• Genetic diversity – genetic variation within Genius
or species
• Species diversity – numbers of species within an ecosystem
• Diversity among higher taxa – variation between genera,
families, orders, etc.
• Ecosystem diversity – variation among ecosystems,
communities, landscapes
Are different groups of organisms equally diverse?
Are different parts of the world equally diverse?
How does diversity
change as you move
from the north and
south poles towards
the Equator?
There is _________________________________ biodiversity in the northern Arctic region because
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________.
There is
_____________________
biodiversity in
the equatorial regions
because
______________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
There is _____________________________ biodiversity in the southern Antarctic region because
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Geography & Biodiveristy, booklet pg 12
Biological Diversity Classification
 The science of classifying
organisms is called taxonomy
 The “father of modern
taxonomy” was Carolus
Linnaeus (Carl von Linné)
 Organisms are grouped into
“taxa” based on their similarities
to each other
1707-1778
5 Kingdom Classification System:
 Monera: all prokaryotes (bacteria)
 Protista: single-celled eukaryotes (protists)
 Fungi: multi-cellular heterotrophic sessile eukaryotes
 Plantae: multi-cellular autotrophic sessile eukaryotes
 Animalia: multi-cellular heterotrophic motile
eukaryotes
Classifying Organisms
 Kingdom
 Phylum (& Subphyla)
 Class
 Order
 Family
 Genus
 Species
 Come up with your own mnuemonic
Human Classification
 Kingdom – Animalia
 Phylum – Chordata
 Class – Mammalia
 Order – Primates
 Family – Hominidae
 Genus – Homo
 Species - sapien
Classifying
cousins…
booklet pg 15
 Kingdom:
Animalia
 Kingdom:
Animalia
 Phylum:
Chordata
 Phylum:
Chordata
 Class:
Mammalia
 Class:
Mammalia
 Order:
Carnivora
 Order:
Carnivora
 Family:
Canidae
 Family:
Canidae
 Genus:
Canis
 Genus:
Canis
 Species:
C. lupus
 Species:
Canis lycaon
Which species are most
related?
 Members of the Rosaceae
family:
 Members of the Iridaceae
family.
 Rosa arvensis
 Iris germanica
 Rubus arcticis
 Iris persica