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Nutrition and Healthy Eating -or“Mommy, Why do I have to eat my vegetables?” Mrs. Maggie Kosniewski 6/6/03 4th Grade – Lausanne Collegiate School Press to continue Choose an option: If this is your first time using this presentation or you would like to review what you have already learned, click here. If you have previously learned about why we need food and the six kinds of nutrients and would like to continue on with your study, click here. Introduction What is nutrition? It is how living beings obtain food and use it for growth and for replacement of tissues. For us humans, it is the act of eating. Our bodies get the energy they need from food. Directions This interactive presentation will allow you to explore the topic of nutrition and to learn: The 6 different kinds of nutrients. How each nutrient is used in the body. How foods are classified on the Food Pyramid. How many servings of each food group we should eat each day. Directions (Continued) At times, you may be asked to answer a few questions about what you have learned, so be on your toes. Also, at times, you will have an opportunity to link to nutrition games and information on the Internet to learn more! Have fun !!! So Let’s Get Started… Food and Energy … The body gets the energy it needs from food. High-energy food like potatoes, bread, fruit, and cheese give the body a lot of energy. Low-energy foods like lettuce and tomatoes provide less energy. Six Kinds of Nutrients… There are six main kinds of nutrients in the food we eat. They are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Sugar and starch Fat Protein Minerals Vitamins Water Let’s look at each nutrient in detail… SUGAR and STARCH – provide the body with quick energy. Together, SUGAR and STARCH are called CARBOHYDRATES. SUGAR and STARCHES that do not get used by the body for energy are stored as FAT. Apples, bananas, honey and other sweet foods contain SUGAR. Bread, pasta, and potatoes, contain STARCH. FAT Fat has more than TWICE as much energy as SUGAR or STARCH. Our body stores fat to be used when it needs extra energy. Butter, milk, cheese, and meat are some foods that have fat. PROTEIN Protein is important for strong bones and muscles. Our body cannot store protein like it stores fat. So, it needs foods like meat, eggs, beans, or cheese every day to get the protein it needs. Now let’s see how much you have already learned… Can you answer a few questions about these three nutrients? Let’s see how you do. Question One 1. We get the energy our body needs from a) Water b) Food c) Air Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! We get energy from the food we eat! Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Two 2. Sugars and starches together are called a) Fats b) Proteins c) Carbohydrates Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Carbohydrates are made up of sugars and starches. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Three 3. These are found in meat, milk and nuts. They are needed for strong bones and muscles. The body cannot store these. a) Proteins b) Fats c) Carbohydrates Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Proteins are found in all of these foods. We must eat them everyday because the body cannot store them. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Four 4. True or False… Fat has more than three times as much energy as sugar or starch. a) True b) False Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Fats, like butter and margarine have twice as much energy within them than sugars & starches. Uh-Oh! Try again! Congratulations! You are doing fantastic !!! Keep up the good work… Now, let’s get back to our learning… The 3 other nutrients… MINERALS Minerals help the body grow. CALCIUM is a mineral found in milk and cheese and helps to build strong bones and teeth. IRON is another mineral that is important for healthy blood. Liver and green veggies are good sources of iron. VITAMINS Vitamins help the body work properly. Most vitamins are named after letters of the alphabet. We get Vitamin C from orange juice and other fruits. Vitamin D, which helps us build strong bones and teeth, is found in milk. Last, but certainly not least… WATER The body cannot live without water. More than ½ the body is made of water. Doctors suggest that we should drink 6 – 8 glasses of water each day. Now that you have finished learning about the six nutrients found in food … Can you answer a few questions about these last three nutrients? Let’s see how you do. Question Five 5. The mineral that is important for healthy blood is: a) Water b) Calcium c) Iron Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Yes, iron promotes the growth of healthy blood cells. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Six 6. Which food contains calcium? a) Cheese b) Pasta c) Oranges Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Cheese and other dairy products contain calcium needed for building strong bones and teeth. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Seven 7. Where do we get Vitamin D from? a) Fruit b) Milk c) A Pill Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Milk is one of the best sources for Vitamin D! Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Eight 8. How many glasses of water should we drink each day? a) 3-5 b) 6-8 c) 9-11 Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Yes, you should try to drink 6-8 glasses of water each day! Uh-Oh! Try again! Welcome Back ! Glad you came back to learn more. Click here to begin… So let’s recap… We’ve learned about why we need food and the six kinds of nutrients found in food. If you would like to continue on with your study, click here. If you would like to take a break and come back to this presentation, click escape ESC. How we group foods… The Food Guide Pyramid is a picture that helps us remember what we should eat each day to stay healthy. It is not a rigid set of rules of what to eat, but a general guide the lets us choose a healthy diet for ourselves. Let’s take a look at the pyramid… The USDA Food Guide Pyramid How does this Food Pyramid help us when choosing what we eat? Notice the shape of the pyramid. It is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. The bottom level is the widest level. This means that we can eat more of the foods that are grouped at this level. So what foods are on this level? Breads, Cereals, Rice & Pasta Food at this level include those high-energy foods we already learned about… the STARCHES, otherwise known as carbohydrates. We can eat up to 11 servings. Most children should stick with 9 though !!! Moving up to the 2nd level… We add those important fruits and vegetables. Many vitamins and minerals come from the fruits and vegetables we eat… So yes, you do have to eat your vegetables! Children should eat 3 servings of fruits and 4 servings of vegetables. More about what a serving is later… At the 3rd level of the pyramid, We add the meats, poultry, and fish group and dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt) group. Notice that level three is more narrow, so we are not going to have as many servings here! Children should have 2-3 servings from the dairy group and 2-3 servings from the meat, poultry, and fish group. We are getting ready to reach the summit or top of the pyramid! Foods listed at the top of the pyramid we must use sparingly. That means we can only have a little of these kinds of food. Which foods do you think are at the top of the pyramid? Fats, Oils & Sweets !!! Yes all of those goodies we love to eat. We need to limit ourselves. Remember, fat has twice as much energy for our bodies to use, so we don’t really need to eat that much of it. And if we do eat more than our bodies can use, what happens? Fat Storage So exactly what is a serving? Bread, Cereal, Rice and Pasta Group – a serving in this group is: 1 slice of bread 1 ounce of ready to eat cereal ½ cup cooked cereal (like oatmeal) Serving Sizes (continued) Fruit Group – a serving in this group is 1 medium apple, banana, or orange ½ cup chopped, cooked or canned fruit ¾ cup fruit juice Vegetable Group – a serving in this group is: 1 cup of raw leafy vegetables (like lettuce) ½ cup of any other vegetables (cooked or raw) Serving Sizes (continued) Dairy Group – a serving in this group is: 1 cup of milk or yogurt 1 ½ ounces of cheese Meats, Poultry, Fish, Eggs Group – a serving in this group is: 2 ounces of cooked lean (not much fat) meat, poultry, or fish 2 eggs But I really don’t want to measure and weigh my food… YOU DON’T HAVE TO! Here are some helpful ways to use your hands to help you choose a serving size. For beverages like milk or juice, remember that one fist is about equal to 1 cup. For measurements of vegetables, pastas, and cooked cereals… Remember, one hand cupped is equal to approximately a ½ cup . Two hands cupped is equal to approximately a 1 cup . And for meats, poultry and fish… Two ounces is about the size of a deck of cards… Why is this important? Following the Food Guide Pyramid will help your body get the nutrients it needs to stay healthy? Ready to go online and play a few games that will test your knowledge of the Food Pyramid? Click here to view the choices of games to play. Click here if you would like to skip the games, and go on to answer a few last questions about what you have learned. Online Nutrition Games and Activities 1. Nutrition Sleuth – use the clues to find the missing nutrient… 2. Grab a Grape - Gives you the answer, do you know the question… 3. Calcium Calculator – Take a few minutes to check the calcium in your diet… 4. Have a Bite Café – Build a meal and find out how nutritious it is… When you are finished playing a game, just exit that website (click the “X” in the top right corner) to return to this presentation… Let’s see how much you have learned, Question Nine 9. Which food group is at the bottom of the food pyramid? a) Dairy group b) Fruit group c) Bread, cereal, pasta & rice group Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Yes, the bread, cereal, rice and pasta group is at the lowest level of the pyramid. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Ten 10.Which food group is at the very top of the food pyramid? a) Meat, poultry, fish & eggs group b) Oils, fats & sweets group c) Vegetables group Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Since they are at the top of the pyramid, you should consume the least amount of this group. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Eleven 11.Does the shape of the food pyramid tell us anything? a) Yes, we can move the food groups to any level of the pyramid. b) Yes, foods at the top are the most important and we should eat more of those. c) Yes, we should eat more of the foods at the bottom because the bottom of the pyramid is wider. Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Yes, pyramids are wider at the bottom than at the top. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Twelve 12.Which food doesn’t belong in the milk, yogurt, and cheese group? a) b) c) d) Cottage cheese Cracker Milk Yogurt Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Crackers are part of the bread, cereal, pasta, and rice group. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Thirteen 13.Which food doesn’t belong in the meat, poultry, fish, and eggs group? a) b) c) d) Turkey Salmon Bagel Tuna Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Bagels are part of the bread, cereal, pasta, and rice group. Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Fourteen 14.Which food doesn’t belong in the bread, cereal, pasta and rice group? a) b) c) d) Waffle Spaghetti Oatmeal Orange Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Oranges belong to the fruit group! Uh-Oh! Try again! Question Fifteen 15.Which food doesn’t belong in the oils, fats and sweets group? a) b) c) d) Hamburger Butter Margarine Candy Oops! You didn’t make a selection… Please click here to go back and answer the question. You’re right! Hamburgers belong to the meat, poultry, fish and eggs group. Uh-Oh! Try again! Congratulations! You have successfully completed your study of nutrition. Acknowledgements This Interactive PowerPoint was created by Mrs. Maggie Kosniewski. Clip art, sounds and other graphic elements can be found in Microsoft Office XP and from the following websites: www.nutrio.com, www.nal.usda.gov. Nutrition game websites provided by the Pacific Science Center and the Washington State Dairy Council.