Download Human Genetics Section 5-3 Mutations • Change in order of base

Human Genetics
Section 5-3
Mutations
• Change in order of base pairs (ATCG) causes a different trait.
• Examples:
 __________________________________
 Cystic fibrosis
Recessive Genetic Disorders
• Homozygous recessive disorder: individual has two recessive alleles (rr).
• Sickle cell anemia
 Blood cells are ______________________________ instead of round.
 Clog small blood vessels.
 Tropical regions have ____________________________ percentages.
• Sickle cell anemia and malaria.
Cystic Fibrosis
 Mutation causes thick _______________________to build up in lungs.
• Mucus causes breathing problems and lung damage.
• 1 in ________ people are carriers (Rr).
Sex Determination
• Special chromosomes determine individual’s sex.
• Two X chromosomes = _____________________
• One X, one Y = ________________________
• Females produce only X chromosomes.
• Males produce both X and Y chromosomes.
Sex Linked Disorders
• Genes on ________________________ chromosome can cause disorders.
• Examples:
 Color blindness
 __________________________
 Hemophilia
• Sex linked disorders are less common in females.
Genetic Engineering
• Change in sequence of base pairs in ___________________
• Example
 ATAGCGCATAGCGGGATC
 ATACGCCTTAGCGGGATC
• Can be used to insert normal genes into cells or to make cells produce ___________________