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Ancient Mesopotamia Study Guide Know that Mesopotamia means land between the rivers The 2 rivers around the Fertile Crescent were the Tigris and Euphrates Mesopotamia was located in present day Iraq 3 classes of people in Mesopotamia were: A. Kings, wealthy B. Skilled workers, merchants, farmers C. Slaves The earliest civilization of people of Mesopotamia were the Sumerians The ziggurat was a temple in Ancient Mesopotamia The first set of written laws is known as Hammurabi’s Code Know cultural and scientific contributions from Ancient Mesopotamia such as the wheel, plow, 360° in a circle, rules for marking time, log roller, cuneiform, 1st written laws Cuneiform was a system of writing developed in Ancient Mesopotamia & it contained 600 wedge shaped symbols Crops such as barley, wheat, fruits, and vegetables were grown in Mesopotamia and used irrigation to get water to their crops A city-state is smaller than an empire