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The Prescription Process All written prescriptions should contain: o Prescriber's full name, address, telephone number, and DEA number o Patient's full name and address o Date of issuance o Drug name, dose, dosage form, amount o Directions of use o Refill instructions o Signature of prescriber Schedules of Controlled Drugs o Schedule 1: drugs in this schedule have no accepted medical use in the U.S. and have a high abuse potential. Examples are heroin, marijuana, LSD, peyote, etc. o Schedule 2: Drugs in this schedule have abuse potential with severe psychic or physical dependence liability. Included are certain narcotic analgesics, stimulants, and depressant drugs. Examples are opium, morphine, codeine, hydromorphone, methadone, meperidine, oxycodone, anileridine, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, phenmetrazine, methylphenidate, amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital, methaqualone, and phencyclidine. o Schedule 3: Drugs in this schedule have an abuse potential less than those in Schedules I and II and include compounds containing limited quantities of certain narcotic analgesic drugs, and other drugs such as barbiturates, glutethimide, methyprylon, and chlorphentemine. Any suppository dosage form containing amobarbital, secobarbital, or pentobarbital is in this schedule. o Schedule 4: Druns in this schedule have an abuse potential less than those listed in Schedule III and include such drugs as barbital, phenobarbital, chloral hydrate, ethchlorvynol, meprobamate, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, oxazepam, clorazepate, flurazepam, etc. o Schedule 5: Drugs in this schedule have an abuse potential less than those listed in Schedule IV and consist primarily of preparations containing limited quantities of certain narcotic analgesic drugs used for antitussive and antidiarrheal purposes. Common prescription abbreviations: o ac (ante cibum) means "before meals" o bid (bis in die) means "twice a day" o gt (gutta) means "drop" o hs (hora somni) means "at bedtime" o od (oculus dexter) means "right eye" o os (oculus sinister) means "left eye" o po (per os) means "by mouth" o pc (post cibum) means "after meals" o prn (pro re nata) means "as needed" o q3h (quaque 3 hora) means "every 3 hours" o qd (quaque die) means "every day" o qid (quater in die) means "4 times a day" o Sig (signa) means "write" o tid (ter in die) means "3 times a day" APGAR SCORE, for assessing CRITERIA Colw Heart Rate Respiration fteflex Leti tfer. 100 beats S!«M( and irregular 'brfi!'ai|iteig feponie MfuscBe To ^ CopypiM HeaHh^ype cow 2009 Apgarscore The test is designed to quickly evaluate a newborn's physical condition after delivery and to determine any immediate need for extra medical or emergency care. It was developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist named Virginia Apgar. The test assesses Activity (and muscle tone), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex irritability), Appearance (skin coloration), and Respiration (breathing rate and effort). It is usually given to the baby twice, the first time at 1 minute after birth and again at 5 minutes after birth. Scores are obtained by giving 0, 1, or 2 in each of the categories with 10 being the highest score possible. A study done with 980,000 Danish children suggest that children with a five or six Apgar score had a 63% higher risk of ADHD, while those with a score of one to four had a 75% greater risk. Researchers believe this may be due to some sort of stress during pregnancy or birth, which decreased the oxygen supply that later might contribute to the development of ADHD. It is believed that both pre-term birth and a low Apgar score may be markers of less-than-optimal fetal development. PRESCRIPTION INFORMATION prescription has stringent requirements designed to inform the pharmacist and protect the patient. Today's prescription regulations vary from state to stare and province to province, but generally a prescription lor a community pharmacy will contain the information illustrated below. PRESCRIPTION Prescriber Information: Name, title, office adf'-'ess, and telephone number \S OF THE Drug Enforcement Agency (OEA) registration number of prescribe! (required for all controlled substances.) \. A.B.Cain ! 2? Main Sited WtllsvUlc. PA 00000 TEL:<«88)55S-U34 / DF.A Number: AB 123*563' Name and address of patient. Oth-er patient information such as age or weight is optional, but sometimes important, e.g., a child's weight. DAI >• NAME Cl.Sji^JslS&I u£L. £,-<£2>'~«--- ADDRESS 'ujii^^it, ..%&*>O&.£A Inscription: Name (brand or generic), strength_of -medication and it Rx Note: If a compound is prescribed, a list of ingredients and directions for mixing is included. -Slgna: This conies from the latin word signa, meaning "to write." It is abbreviated to slg and indicates what directions for use should be printed on the label. Refill Instructions— DAW: -Date the prescription is written. Dispense As Written" and/or Generic Substitution Allowed instructions (optional). DISPENSE AS WRITTEN O PRESCRIBER'S SIGNATURE - Signature of prescrlber (not required on a verbal prescription) Note: prescriptions are written in ink, never pencil. Additional Information In addition to the above, the information at right must be added to the prescription in the pharmacy. This information is a product of the computerized prescription filling process. Some data are automatically assigned by the computer (e.g., prescription number), while other information is added by the pharmacist or pharmacy technician as they input the data necessary for the proper filling of the prescription (e.g., the product selected). • Date the product is dispensed. • Identity of the product by manufacturer and NDC (National Drug Code)—DIN (Drug Identification Number) in Canada. • Prescription and/or transaction number. • insurance information for the patient. • Price charged. • Initials of the technician and pharmacist, involved in the filling of the prescription. • Signature of the pharmacist receiving the prescription if it is a verbal order. Master List of Prescription Abbreviations | Abbreviation I From the Latin i Meaning jj aa ana ;of each ad ad jup to a.c. ante cibum i before meals a.d. aurio dextra right ear ad lib. ad libitum use as much as one desires; freely admov. admove apply agit agita stir/shake jalt. h. alternis horis every other hour a.m. ante meridiem morning, before noon amp ampule amt amount aqua :aq water aurio laeva, aurio sinister a. I., a.s. I left ear .around the clock A.T.C. a.u. auris utrae bis bis b.i.d. bis in die ; both ears twice \e daily | bowel movement ;B.M. bolus bol. as a large single dose (usually intravenously) B.S. blood sugar B.S.A body surface areas cap., caps. capsula ; capsule c cum ; with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c") cibos Sfood r*" cum cibos cc with food cf r" with food, (but also cubic centimetre) ™ comp. ' — compound cream cr., crm i dextrose 5% solution (sometimes written as D5W) D5W D5NS dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9%) D.A.W. dispense as written \e idc, D/C, disc dieb. alt. diebus alternis every other day dilute dil. •*#$ MVWM ' Helping Patients Help Themselves Compliments of E^er^PatjentsAdvocate.cojTi and About. com Page 1 of 4