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book note review guide.notebook
Ancient (River Valley) Civilizations:
Book note review guide
November 07, 2016
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
What was the significance of A) the Neolithic Age, B) Bronze Age, C) Iron Age
• Irrigation à farming à surplus à rise in population à cities à civs
• Bronze was stronger and more durable than copper
• Iron was more malleable and could be made sharper
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
The Hittites
Where are they from? The Hittites originated in Asia Minor and then settled in Mesopotamia AKA The Fertile Crescent AKA The Land between two rivers AKA modern day Iraq
What metal are they famous/
notorious for using?
IRON
book note review guide.notebook
In which four major river valleys did the earliest civilizations develop? Why did they develop here?
Nile River Valley – Egypt
Indus River Valley – India
Tigris and Euphrates – Mesopotamia (Iraq)
Yellow River (China)
*Fertile soil, access to water for irrigation
November 07, 2016
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
What are some of the characteristics shared by all civilizations?
Well developed cities, organized central governments, organized belief systems, job specialization, public works, art and architecture, organized social classes
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
Why did major migrations occur among the Bantu and Aryans?
Bantu – farmers migrated out of Northern Africa and into southern Africa to get away from desertification and find fertile soil
Aryan – cattle herdsman moved to find good grassland for their animals
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
Egyptian vs. Mesopotamian writing
Mesopotamia
• Cuneiform – symbol carvings into stone blocks
Egyptian
• Papyrus – plant that grows along the Nile that is paper‐
like in its surface
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
What factors allowed the Persians to successfully rule over such a large empire for so long?
• The Great Royal Road System
• Divided the empire into provinces with a governor for each province
• Barter economy – based on trade (coins too!)
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
What is the Mandate of Heaven? What role did it play during the Zhou dynasty in China?
Mandate of Heaven – divine right to rule (power comes from god)
The Mandate of Heaven was used to keep rulers in check – to make sure they were doing the right thing, otherwise…they would lose their power
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
What were some of the achievements of the Han dynasty in China?
Advances in technology – paper out of wood pulp
Medicine – acupuncture
The arts – poetry, bronze workers, silk makers
book note review guide.notebook
What were some of the achievements of Asoka of the Mauryan Empire in India?
• Built roads and rest houses for travellers
• Spread Buddhism throughout Asia • Preached tolerance of other religions
November 07, 2016
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016
Why was the Gupta Empire considered a “golden age” in Indian History?
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Eliminated the poll tax (lowered taxes)
Universities taught math, physics, literature and other subjects
Originated the concept of ‘zero’
Bone setting and small pox vaccine
Stupas – large stone shaped shrines
book note review guide.notebook
November 07, 2016