Download Name Date Period Earth Systems Chapter 18

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Date
Period
Earth Systems
Chapter 18-Volcanism REVIEW
Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is a volcano? a vent with a magma chamber that erupts
2. In what three locations can volcanoes occur? Provide an example of each.
a. convergent boundaries (Ring of Fire)
b. divergent boundaries (Great African Rift Valley)
c. hot spots (Hawaii)
3. Where do the majority of volcanoes occur? convergent boundaries
4. Describe viscosity and how it is related to temperature. viscosity is a fluid’s resistance to flow; temp viscosity
5. Describe viscosity and how it relates to the ability of the liquid to flow. low viscosity fluids flow
6. Compare and contrast lava dominated eruptions and explosive eruptions. lava dominated eruptions have low
viscosity lava and explosive eruptions are gas dominated with high viscosity lava
7. What is tephra? additional materials that explode with lava
8. What is pyroclastic flow? rapidly moving clouds of tephra and gases
9. Compare and contrast the three major types of volcanoes. ash-cinder and composite are similar except
composite has side-vents; caldera is a large crater formed at a collapsed vent; and a shield volcano is a broad
volcano due to low viscosity lava
10. Of the three major types of volcanoes, which tend to be the most explosive? ash-cinder/composite
11. What are plutons? Intrusive igneous rock bodies formed by cooled magma that forced its way into the crust and
cooled before hitting the surface
12. Differentiate the 4 types of plutons. batholith is a big laccolith; sills cool parallel to the surface; dikes cut through
13. Where is the Ring of Fire located? along the Pacific Oceanic plate
14. What made the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 so explosive compared the dome and spine building that
occurred in years to follow? lava that is very viscous and a conduit with high gas content
Label the following diagrams using the vocabulary from this unit.
1. Volcano Diagram
ash cloud
side vent
crust
vent/crater
lava
conduit
magma chamber
2. Locations of Volcanic Activity
convergent boundary
divergent boundary
hot spot
3. Different Types of Volcanoes
ash-cinder volcano
composite volcano
shield volcano
4. Intrusive (Pluton)Activity
laccolith
dike
sill
batholith