Download Blood, circulatory and Respiratory systems

BLOOD, CIRCULATORY AND
RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
Pages 933-950
BLOOD
• Transports nutrients, O2, CO2, & waste
• Defends the body against disease
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
1. Plasma: liquid part
90% water, remaining 10% : sugar, salts, amino acids,
vitamins, minerals
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
2. Red blood cells (erythrocytes): transport CO2 and
O2 gas


Iron-containing hemoglobin protein (O2 binds here)
No nucleus, leaves space to transport gases
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
3. White blood cells (leukocytes): defend against
pathogens
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
4. Platelets: form blood clots
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
•Moves nutrients and wastes throughout the body
STRUCTURES
1. Heart: muscular organ that pumps blood
•Divided into right side and left side by septum
•Each side has an upper section (atrium) and lower
section (ventricle)
STRUCTURES
2. Vessels: smooth muscle surrounded by connective
tissue
•Arteries: carry blood away from the heart
•Veins: carry blood to the heart
STRUCTURES
Vessels continued:
•Capillaries: narrow blood vessels that
pass blood cells in single file, gas
exchange occurs here
MOVEMENT OF BLOOD
Two circuits (pathways)
1. Pulmonary (deoxygenated)
Right side of heart sends blood to the lungs for gas
exchange
MOVEMENT OF BLOOD
2. Systemic Circuit (oxygenated)
Left side of heart sends blood to the
body to deliver oxygen and pick up
waste
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
•Exchange of gases between atmosphere and blood
•mouth/nose  pharynx epiglottis trachea
bronchi lungs
MECHANISM
•Large skeletal muscle (diaphragm) contracts pulling
thoracic cavity down causing the lungs to fill with air
INTERNAL FUNCTION
• Exchange of gases between blood and other
body cells
• Gases diffuse across due to concentration
gradients (high to low)