Download Body Systems Worksheet Answers

Body Systems: Integumentary, Muscular, Nervous, and Respiratory System
Integumentary
1. What 4 things make up the integumentary system?
a. Skin , hair, nails, glands
2. What is the overall function of skin?
a. Protection , regulate body temperatures, sensory reception
3. What is the overall function of glands?
a. Produce and secrete hormones to regulate the body’s activity
4. What is the function of the sebaceous glands?
a. Lubricate and waterproof skin and hair
5. Where are sebaceous glands not found on the body?
a. Palms of hands and soles of feet
6. What is the overall function of hair?
a. Protection, regulation of body temperature, and sense organs
7. What is the overall function of nails?
a. Protects the soft tissue
8. How does the integumentary system interact with the Nervous and Muscular Systems?
a. The integumentary system interacts with the nervous system in many different ways. One major way is
that the nervous system relies greatly on neurons that are imbedded in your skin to receive information
about the outside world. For example, if you stub your toe or it is cold outside, the neurons in your skin
are going to let your body know to increase your body temperature or send pain signals to your toe.
b. The integumentary system also greatly interacts with the muscular system. Skin protects every little
muscle in your body from the very dangerous outside world. By maintaining the right amount of
pressure, the right temperature, and controlling what comes into the body, your skin protects those
muscles that help you move around.
Muscular
Voluntary or involuntary
Skeletal Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Voluntary
Involuntary
Involuntary
Walls of hallow organs,
such as stomach or
bronchus
Heart
Controlling internal organs
Controls the heart and
sends blood through the
body.
Where located in body?
Attached to bones
Function
Move the body
1. What is the function of growth hormones?
a. Stimulates growth of all tissues in body
2. Why does your body need insulin? Where does insulin come from?
a. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from
carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use. Insulin helps keeps
your blood sugar level from getting too high.
3. How does the muscular system interact with the skeletal and nervous system?
a. Skeletal System: Receptors in muscles provide the brain with information about body position and
movement. The brain controls the contraction of skeletal muscle.
b. Nervous System: The nervous system regulates the speed at which food moves through the digestive
tract.
Nervous
1. List the “organs” that comprise the nervous system.
a. Nerves , brain, spinal chord
2. What are the functions of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system?
a. Central Nervous System (CNS) – controls most function of the body and mind, 2 main pieces brain and
spinal cord, brain sends messages and spinal cord helps deliver messages as well as aids in movement ,
spinal cord bone also serves as protection
b. Peripheral nervous system – nervous system outside of brain and spinal cord, connects/ serves as
communication from CNS to limbs and organs , not protected by bone , controls fight or flight
3. What are the overall functions of the brain, spinal cord, and sensory organs?
a. The brain controls motor functions, the body's ability to balance, interprets information.
b. The spinal cord connects a majority of the peripheral nervous system.
c. The sensory organs take in information to help the brain make decisions
4. How does the nervous system interact with the muscular and respiratory system?
a. Muscular System: The brain uses the nerves to tell the muscles when to move. The nerves also deliver
information on what to do in a fight or flight case.
b. Respiratory System: The brain sends pulses through the nerves to the lungs which tell them to move to
collect and release oxygen and carbon dioxide. The brain also monitors blood gas levels.
Respiratory System
1. What are the “organs” and functions of the nose, trachea, lungs, alveoli, diaphragm and bronchi?
a. Nose: The nose is the primary upper respiratory organ in which air enters into and exits from the body.
Mucus lines the nasal cavity and traps bacteria and foreign particles that enter in through the nose. This
is one of the body’s first lines of defense. Air that passes through is humidified.
b. Lungs: The lungs are spongy, air-filled organs located on both sides of the chest cavity. Respiration is the
primary function of the lungs.
c. Alveoli: Sacs at the end of the respiratory tree. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases occurs
at the alveolar level. The alveoli inflate and deflate.
d. Diaphragm: Contraction of the diaphragm causes the chest to expand. This happens during inhalation.
During exhalation, the release of the diaphragm causes the chest to contract.
e. Bronchi: The bronchi allow the passage of air to the lungs.
f. Trachea : a large tube reinforced by rings of cartilage; the windpipe; in connects the brochial
tubes to the nose and oral cavity air passages
2. Draw a diagram of the respiratory system and label the different parts.
3. What are the functions of the cilia, goblet cells, and enzymes?
a. Cilia-Are closely packed cells that can go back and forth rhythmically. This motion removes things such
as debris, bacteria, and viruses out of mucus that lines your respiratory walls toward your nose and
mouth.
b. Goblet - are present in our bodies for performing special mucus secretion function. The main function of
the goblet cells is to store mucin which mucin when dissolved in water forms mucus. Goblet cells are
scattered among other cells in the epithelium mostly in the respiratory and digestive tract.
4. How does the respiratory system interact with the circulatory and digestive system?
a. Circulatory System: The respiratory and the circulatory work together to circulate blood and oxygen
throughout the body. They also have air move in and out through the bronchi, trachea, and bronchioles.
The blood moves through the pulmonary arteries and veins that connect the heart.
b. Digestive System : The respiratory system and the digestive system work together to break down food
and move the tract