Download 27-Reading Guide and Paragraphs

Name ______________________________
Chapter 27: Achievements- Maya, Aztec, Inca
Per. ____
Due Date & Quiz: Monday, April 22, 2016
_____/50
I. Vocabulary- Write each number and term, then hi-light the term. Finally write the complete
definition for each term on binder paper. Staple binder paper behind this study guide.
Section 1
1. achievement
Section 2
2. solar year
3. stele
4. glyph
5. dialect
Section 3
6. pictograph
Section 5
7. suspension bridge
8. trephination
II. Questions- Answer each question/fill-in after reading textbook pages 301-307. You don’t need complete
sentences. Use your vocabulary paper if you need more space. (2C = section 2, third question in that section)
Maya
2A - Maya priests studied the sky from _________________ and used simple methods to track the
movements of stars and planets with incredible accuracy.
2B. - The Maya had a ______ calendar made up of 365.24 days, and a _______ calendar made up of 260 days.
2C - The Maya needed to understand ____________ in order to make calendars and study ____________.
2D - The Maya ____________ system was very similar to ours, but instead of being based on 10 like ours, it
was based on ____________.
2E. - The Maya recognized the need for ___________, represented by a shell, while the number one was
represented by a ___________ and five represented by a _____________.
2F. - The Maya painted ______________ that showed various types of Mayas and important cultural scenes.
2G - The Maya often put 5-30 foot tall stone _________ in front of temples with carvings of gods and rulers.
2H. - Mayan women wove colorful cloths in complex patterns, and embroidered shirts called ____________
2I - A unique feature of Mayan buildings was a triangular archway called a _____________ _____________
2J. - The Maya had a complex system of writing using ____________________ to represent sounds, words,
and ideas. They created hundreds of ______ to write about their history and culture, which helped solve
the problem of so many _______ being spoken.
Aztec
3A. - The Aztecs built artificial islands called _______________________ to grow crops and enlarge their
city of Tenochtitlan.
3B. - The Aztecs adopted both the Maya ____________ calendar and _____________ calendar for tracking
accurate time. In the center of their calendar, called the _________ _________, is the sun god, a well
known symbol of Mexico.
3C - _______________ was highly valued with verses written to praise gods, tell stories, and celebrate the
natural world.
3D. - The Aztec craftspeople created ___________ of small, life-like figures of people and animals from rock
and semiprecious stones like jade.
3E. - The Aztecs are well known for their pyramids, like the one at Tenochtitlan called the ______________
________________ that had 2 stairways leading up to a temple on top.
3F - The ______________ language allowed the Aztecs to create new words and describe abstract concepts.
3G. - The Aztecs used glyphs and _______________________, or drawings that stand ideas, like a
shield/club for war.
Inca
4A. - The Incas most impressive accomplishment was _________________________________________.
4B - The Incas greatest technological skill was engineering an amazing system of _______________ and built
___________________ ________________ over rivers.
4C - The Inca were able to farm in the Andes Mountains by building ______________________ using rock
walls and built _____________________________ that brought water to the top, allowing it to run
down level by level.
4D. - Inca priests performed a surgery called _____________________, where a hole was cut in the skull to
remove bone fragments to help the brain heal.
4E - The Incan art of __________________ making used bright colors, bold geometric designs, and feathers
sometimes.
4F. - Incan artists also made objects from ________, “sweat of the sun”, which filled the inside of the Temple
of the Sun.
4G. - Music was a major part of Incan life and included instruments like _____________, ______________,
______________, and _____________.
4H - The Incas built massive structures out of _______________, and were so tightly fit together, not even a
______________ fit between.
4I. - The official Incan language was ______________, but since it was not a written language, they needed to
use _______________, a knotted set of strings as a memory aid when sending or recording information.
Historical Connections
Directions: Write 3 well-written paragraphs on what you believe is the one greatest achievement,
from each civilization, to our society we live in today. You can type it on the computer or write it on your
vocabulary binder paper. Use proper grammar, spelling, capitalization, and punctuation. Use the paragraph
structure below to write each of your paragraphs.
1. The greatest contribution the
name)
.
(civilization name)
made to our society today is
(achievement
2. Describe the achievement you chose in your own words.
3. Explain how the achievement has influenced our society today using at least one specific example.
4. Explain how our society today would be different without this achievement you chose.
5. Concluding/closing sentence. Restate the topic sentence in your own words.