Download Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure
and Function
Cells
Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Smaller
Cell
membrane
Cytoplasm
Bacteria
Genetic
material
Membranebound
organelles
Plants
Animals
Larger
Cell Organelle Activity
• Assemble into teams.
• Try to correctly identify each organelle
on the following slides.
• Team with the most correct answers
will receive FIVE extra credit points.
3
Cell Membrane
• Thin flexible barrier around a cell
• Regulates what goes in and out of cell
• Phospholipid bilayer
Ribosome
• Small particle
– One of the most important in the cell
• Proteins are assembled here
• Made of RNA and protein
Cytoplasm
• The material inside the cell
• Fills the cell
Nucleolus
• Large structure that contains cell’s
genetic material (______)
• Controls what the cell does
Nucleolus
• Small region within the nucleus
• The ribosomes are put together here
Nuclear membrane/ envelope
• Double membrane layer, surrounds
the nucleus of the cell
Rough ER
• Site where components of the cell
membrane are assembled and proteins
are modified
• Covered with ribosomes
Smooth ER
• Storage organelle
• Contains enzymes that preform
specialized tasks (such as make lipids)
Golgi apparatus
• Proteins from the rough ER move here.
• Enzymes in here attach carbohydrates and lipids.
• Sent on their way to their final destination.
– Packaging organelle
Vesicle
• Bubble like membrane
• Stores and transports cellular products
• Digests metabolic wastes within cell
Vacuole
• Storage bubble
– Water, salts,
proteins, and
carbs.
– Source of
structural
support in
plants.
Lysosome
• Filled with enzymes that digest food
• Breaks down cell when it dies
Mitochondria
• “Powerhouse” of cell
• Uses energy from food to produce _____
• Creates cell energy during cellular
respiration.
Chloroplast
• Food producer of plants.
• Uses energy from sunlight to make
___________
Flagellum
• Tail like feature used for movement
Cilia
• Short hairlike feature that is similar
flagellum.
• Used for movement
Cytoskeleton
• Protein filaments within some cells
• Helps maintain shape.
• Involved in many forms of cell
movement
Centriole
• Made of microtubules
• Attach to mitotic spindle
• Used in mitosis (cell division)
Cell Wall
• Forms around the outside of cells of
plants, algae, and some bacteria
• Used for structure and protection.