Download Atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Ozone Layer

The layer of gases surrounding earth.
Extends 620 miles up from earth's surface.
Atmosphere
(Its name means 'vapor' and 'a perfectly round
geometrical object in 3-dimensional space')
Troposphere
The lowest layer of the atmosphere.
Contains 99% of earth's water vapor.
Where 90% of all weather occurs.
Extends 4 miles up from earth's surface.
(Hint: the layer that lays on 'top' of the earth)
Stratosphere
The atmospheric layer that sits on top
of the Troposphere.
Contains the Ozone layer.
Does not have weather due to lack of air and
water.
Ozone Layer
This part of the stratosphere protects the earth
from the suns harmful rays.
Air and Water
These two things are needed in order for weather
to occur. They are contained almost entirely in
the lowest layer of the atmosphere.
Atmospheric conditions, like temperature, wind
speed and direction, air pressure, precipitation
and humidity are used to
'Measure and predict'
"
and
"
the weather.
People track and predict weather for purposes of
_________________ and _____________.
'Safety and Survival'
Lack of knowledge could threaten our food
supplies, make us unprepared for extreme
temperatures and find us in situations that could
be life threatening.
Weather
The measurement of atmospheric conditions for a
specific point in time.
Climate
Trends in weather conditions over time
for a geographic region.
Measurement of heat.
1 of the atmospheric conditions measured to state & predict weather.
Temperature
Measured with a thermometer.
Plays an important role in weather and climate.
Changes in temperature cause wind, form
clouds, determine form of precipitation and are
associated with high and low pressure areas.
High (cool), Low (warm)
'The weight of air' pressing down on earth.
1 of the atmospheric conditions measured in weather.
Measured with a barometer.
Air pressure
Warm air rises and is therefore associated
with 'Low (or light) pressure'.
(Hi temperature, Low pressure)
Cool air is heavier and is associated with
'high (or heavier) pressure'.
(Low temperature, High Pressure)
The measurement of
moisture or humidity in the air.
Humidity
1 of the atmospheric conditions measured in weather.
Measured with a hygrometer.
('Hygro' - Humid)
The movement of air.
Measured in terms of speed and direction.
1 of the atmospheric conditions measured in weather.
Wind
Speed is measured with an anemometer.
Direction is measured with a weather vane.
Movement of air results from changes in
temperature and patterns that result from the
rotation of the earth. (high temperature, low
pressure, cool air comes in to take its place)
The measurement of the release of moisture from the
atmosphere in the form of rain, snow, sleet or hail.
Measured with rain gauge.
1 of the atmospheric conditions measured in weather.
Precipitation
The part of the water cycle where the force of gravity
exceeds cloud's ability to retain its liquid (or frozen)
water vapor. Form of precipitation is determined by
temperature. Saturated clouds (like sponges) let go of
their excess liquid.
The form of precipitation that occurs when the
temperature in the atmosphere is above freezing.
Rain
They are tiny water droplets that condense in
clouds and then become too heavy and fall out of
the clouds as rain.
Snow
The form of precipitation that occurs when the
temperature in the atmosphere is below freezing.
Water droplets form these ice crystals, called
snowflakes. Snowflakes form in clouds where the
temperature is below freezing (0ºC, or 32ºF). The
ice crystals form around tiny bits of dirt that have
been carried up into the atmosphere by the wind.
As the snow crystals grow, they become heavier
and fall toward Earth.
Sleet and freezing rain
Precipitation that occurs when a snowflake is
partially melted or a raindrop turns back into ice
as it is falling through the air. This happens when
the layers of the atmosphere it passes through
have different temperatures than the temperature
where it was formed.
(Sleet is usually tiny clear pellets)
Hail
Precipitation that occurs when large frozen
raindrops are tossed around by wind. A hailstone
grows larger when super-cooled water droplets
freeze on contact with the hailstone. The longer
the ice crystals are tossed within the cloud, the
larger the hail becomes. When the hailstones
become too heavy, they fall to the ground.
Condensation
The part of the water cycle where warm air is
cooled and condenses to form liquid droplets, in
the form of clouds.
Evaporation
The part of the water cycle where heat makes
water (a liquid) become a gas (water vapor). The
biggest source of water for evaporation is the
ocean.
"e"vapor-ation - to transform into vapor
Formed in the process of condensation
in the water cycle.
Air and Water are needed to produce these.
Clouds
Therefore, they do not exist in the upper layers of
the atmosphere because air and water
is not present in the upper layers.
Precipitation is any form of water that falls to the
Earth's surface. Different forms of precipitation
include rain, hail, snow, sleet, and freezing rain.
More about precipitation
Precipitation is important because it helps
maintain the atmospheric balance. Without
precipitation, all of the land on the planet would
be desert. Precipitation helps farmers grow crops
and provides a fresh water supply for us to drink.
Precipitation can also be damaging. Too much
rain and snow can cause severe flooding and lots
of traffic accidents. Hail can damage crops and
cars. Freezing rain and sleet can destroy trees and
power lines.
The opposite of precipitation is evaporation.