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Why do scientists classify (organize)? For 2 reasons: 1-To organize the world around us 2-So they can communicate effectively (Understand each other). How are living things classified? The first modern system of classifying living things was developed in the 18th century by a Swedish botanist named Carolus Linnaeus. Today living things are divided into kingdoms. How many kingdoms do you think there are? Try to name them. Living organisms are classified into 5 main groups. We call these groups kingdoms. Each Kingdom is broken down into more groups and those groups are broken down into even more groups and so on and so forth until each organism has its own name. Scientists classify organisms based on common characteristics (things they have in common). The 5 kingdoms of living things are: Animals Plants Fungi Protists Moneran (bacteria) Kingdom Animal Cell All are Many-Celled Movement Can move Food Eat other organisms Reproduction Live birth or eggs Plants All are many-celled Do Not Move Seeds or spores Fungi Most many-celled Most do not move Make their own food Absorb food and water Protists Most one- celled Some can move Bacteria (monera) Single cells Some can move Some make their own food, others eat other organisms Most feed on other organisms Spores other Humans are in this kingdom Cells do not have a cell wall Have a cell wall like plants Cells do not have a nucleus 3 Things that classify us as the kingdom of animals: 1st-All have more than one cell-multicellular 2nd- All don’t make our own food-eat other organisms 3rd-All can move at some point in their lives. Vertebrates are animals that belong to the phylum Chordata. This means that they have a back bone. Vertebrates are then broken up into 5 main classes: 1. Mammals 2. Birds 3. Amphibians 4. Reptiles 5. Fish Invertebrates do not have a back bone. There are 4 main classes of invertebrates: 1. Mollusks 2. Cnidarians-stinging cells 3. Worms 4. Arthropods-The word means jointed foot Warm-blooded- Maintain a constant body temperature Cold-blooded- Body temperature is close to the temperature of its surroundings Type Characteristics Examples Mollusks Soft body without bones. Some receive oxygen using gills others absorb it through their skin and a few have lungs Squid, snail, clam, slugs, octopus Cnidarians Soft bodies that do not have any hard parts Have Tentacles Have One opening for food and waste Worms Live in damp places Jelly Fish, coral, anemones, Portuguese Man O War Flatworms-flat and thin Roundwormscan live on land or in water Segmenteddivided into segments like the earthworm Arthropods Arthropod means jointed feet Have bodies that are divided into separate parts Use a variety of ways to breathe Moth, lobster, Spider, all insects