Download Section 5.2 – Cells: The Basic Unit of Life Cell Theory: 1. All Living

Section 5.2 – Cells: The Basic Unit of Life
Cell Theory:
1. All Living things are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the functional unit of life.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Cell:
The basic unit of life
Organism:
An individual living thing
Gene:
A unit of genetic information that determines a
specific characteristic of an individual
Organelle:
A specialized structure inside plant and animal
cells
ANIMAL Cell Structures
Nucleus:
The main organelle of the cell which directs the
cell’s activities
Cell
Membrane:
A covering around a cell that controls the
movement of materials into and out of the cell
Chromosome:
A threadlike structure that contains genetic
information
Cytoplasm:
The area of a cell where nutrients are absorbed,
transported, and processed
Nucleolus:
A spherical structure within the nucleus of some
cells, probably involved in the making of proteins
Mitochondrion: Tiny, oval-shaped organelle that provides cells
with energy
Centriole:
Small protein structure crucial to cell division,
found only in animal cells
Lysosome:
A saclike structure, formed by the Golgi
Apparatus, that contains proteins that can break
down large molecules and other cell parts
Golgi
Apparatus:
A structure that stores proteins until needed for
use inside or outside the cell
Endoplasmic
Reticulum:
A series of “canals” that carry materials
throughout the cell
Ribosome:
Organelle that builds proteins essential for cell
growth and reproduction
PLANT Cell Structures
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Nucleus
Chromosomes
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nucleolus
Ribosome
Cell Wall:
The non-living outermost covering of a plant cell
Vacuole:
An organelle filled with water, sugar, minerals,
and proteins
Chloroplast:
The organelle in a plant cell that contains
chlorophyll
Structures for Movement:
Flagellum:
A whiplike tail on the outside of the cell
membrane that helps the cell to move
Cilia:
Tiny, small hairs on an animal cell