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Weather and Climate of the British Isles – the Essentials! The maps below show variations (differences) in Rainfall, Relief and Temperature for Great Britain. The main points you have to remember for your Common Entrance Examination are: There is more rainfall in the west and north of the country, where there is higher land. Much of this rainfall is RELIEF RAINFALL. The temperature is higher in the south of the country because this area is closer to the EQUATOR. This is the effect of LATITUDE. There is more rainfall in the west compared to the east because of the influence of the ATLANTIC OCEAN. A warm ocean current called the NORTH ATLANTIC DRIFT leads to more moisture in the air coming from the west. Much of this rainfall is FRONTAL RAINFALL. The east of the country has less rainfall due to being in the RAINSHADOW of the hills to the west. The temperature in the west of the country is higher in winter due to the warming effect of the NORTH ATLANTIC DRIFT. The temperature falls as you go higher up. Therefore, it tends to be colder in the hills of the west and north. This is the effect of ALTITUDE on temperature. Temperatures increase further inland during summer but are warmer on the coast during winter. This is due to the ocean taking longer to heat up and lose heat compared to the land. Polar Maritime air masses bring wet and cool conditions to the north west of the country Arctic Maritime air masses bring rain and snow in winter Polar Continental air masses bring cold weather in winter and warm weather in summer North Atlantic Drift is a warm current which begins in the Gulf of Mexico – warms the west of the country in particular Prevailing (usual) winds from the South West bring warmth and moisture (rain) to the west of the country. Tropical Maritime air masses bring warm, moist air to the west too. Places inland are warmer in summer and colder in winter The east of the country is in a Rainshadow – most of the rain from the east has fallen over the hills to the west The south is generally warmer than the north due to Latitude – the south is closer to the Equator and the dry Tropical Continental air mass