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Science Starter What are waves? Science Starter Answer Waves are vibrations that transfer energy from place to place without matter ! (solid, liquid or gas) being transferred.! Energy Waves Ms. Dale Waves Waves are vibrations that transfer energy from place to place without matter (solid, liquid or gas) being transferred.! Vibrations in materials may produce waves that spread from a source of a disturbance in all directions! ! ! Ex: An earthquake epicenter causes seismic waves! Waves Some waves travel through a substance called a medium and it is the medium that vibrates as the wave travels through it! ! Ex: Sound waves travel through the medium of air! Some waves transfer through a medium, but do not need to. They can travel through empty space.! ! Ex: Electromagnetic radiation Wave Measurements Waves can be measured by the following: Amplitude Wavelength Frequency Amplitude Amplitude-As waves travel, they set up patterns of disturbance. The amplitude of a wave is its maximum disturbance from its undisturbed position.! POP QUESTION What determines a wave’s amplitude? ANSWER What determines a wave’s amplitude? A wave’s amplitude depends on the energy of the disturbance that causes the wave. Ex: Thowing a small rock into water will cause tiny ripples which are low-amplitude waves. If you threw a boulder into the water it would cause large waves that are highamplitude. Wavelength Wavelength is the distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next wave. ! It is often easiest to measure this from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave, but it doesn't matter where as long as it is the same point in each wave.! Wavelength Wavelength Wavelength The wavelength is related to the energy of a wave! Short-wavelength waves have more energy than longwavelength waves of the same amplitude! Frequency Frequency-is the number of waves produced by a source each second. It is also the number of waves that pass a certain point each second. POP QUESTION What types of energy do NOT travel in waves? ANSWER Kinetic energy, potential energy, and chemical energy do NOT travel in waves. Bill Nye: Waves https://www.schooltube.com/video/ 2b2001da6d8146dbb388/Bill%20Nye%20-%20Waves Science Starter Name two types of energy that travel in waves. Science Starter Answer Light energy, sound energy, heat energy, and any form of electromagnetic radiation ! travel in waves! Energy Waves Continued Ms. Dale Types of Energy That Travel In Waves Light energy Sound Energy Heat Energy Any form of electromagnetic radiation Wave Mediums A medium is a material that a wave moves through.! All kinds of waves transfer energy, but the medium is never transferred with the wave! What is the medium that the wave is traveling through in the image above? Wave Mediums Examples Water can be a medium that a wave ! transfers energy through Wave Mediums Examples Air can be a medium that a wave ! transfers sound energy through Wave Mediums Examples A guitar string can be a medium that a wave ! transfers energy through Wave Mediums Examples The crust of the Earth a medium that a seismic wave ! transfers energy through Wave Anatomy Rest Point A crest is the highest point the medium rises to ! A trough is the lowest point the medium sinks to.! A rest point where the medium is when no wave is moving through it Making Waves Lab We will make waves with a rope and compare the wavelengths of low energy waves with higher energy waves Waves Interactive You will use a website to manipulate waves by inputting and record your observations http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/wave-on-a-string Science Starter Draw the waves above and correctly label each number. Science Starter Answer 1. wavelength! 2. amplitude! 3. crest! 4. trough! Energy Waves Continued Ms. Dale The Difference Between High Energy and Low Energy Waves Waves Interactive You will use a website to manipulate waves by inputting and record your observations http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/wave-on-a-string Nova Tune Correction NOVA scienceNOW talks to the engineers behind Auto-Tune, the pitch-correction software that turns sour notes into sweet ones. Professional musicians from Madonna to Snoop Dogg use Auto-Tune, but can the software turn host Neil deGrasse Tyson into a singing star? ! NOVA (8 mins-watch from 31:10-38:04) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/auto-tune.html