Download Ecology Study Guide | Chapters 13-16

Ecology Study Guide | Chapters 13‐16 Definitions: 1. Ecology 11. Carrying capacity 22. Pioneer species 33. Smog 2. Population 12. Energy pyramid 23. Climax community 34. Greenhouse effect 3. Community 13. Habitat 35. Habitat fragmentation 24. Trophic level 4. Ecosystem 14. Niche 36. Introduced species 25. Food web 5. Biome 15. Ecological Equivalent 26. Producer/Autotroph 37. Umbrella species 27.
Consumer/Heterotrop. 6. Biotic 16. Competitive Exclusion 38. Sustainable 28. Saphrophyte development 7. Abiotic 17. Keystone species 29. Decomposer 8. Biodiversity 18. Symbiosis (all 3) 39. Ecological footprint 30.
Detritivore 9. Biogeochemical 19. Predation 40. Renewable resources 31. Chemotroph 41. Nonrenewable cycles 20. Competition o
o
10. Nitrogen fixation 21. Succession (1 & 2 ) 32. Particulates resources 42. Biomagnification
Basic Ecology (13.1, 13.2, part of 14.1, 15.3, part of 16.1) | Quiz 1. Know the components and order of the levels within the biosphere. 2. Differentiate between habitat and niche, being able to give examples of each. 3. Be able to explain ecosystems and their biotic and abiotic factors. a. How can a change in one factor (biotic/abiotic) in an ecosystem can affect others? 4. Understand each of the 6 biomes learned in class. a. What two things make up a climate? b. Explain why the polar ice caps and mountains are not considered biomes? 5. Be able to explain how a keystone species may affect an environment. 6. Know the reasons why populations could increase/decrease. 7. What do we know about earth’s carrying capacity? Energy and the Ecosystem (13.3 ‐ 13.6) | Quiz 1. Know the basic components of an ecosystem. 2. Be able to explain the role of producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem. 3. Know the differences between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. 4. Be able to read a food chain/web diagram & relate it to an energy pyramid. a. Identify the type of consumer and trophic levels if given a picture similar to the one above. b. Be able to calculate energy as you move up a food chain. 5. Know the basic stages of the water, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. a. How do these elements/nutrients cycle through the food chain/web? b. Why are these elements important? Community Interactions (14.1, 14.2) 1. Be able to explain predation and competition. 2. Be able to explain the various forms of symbiosis: a. Mutualism b. Commensalism c. Parasitism 3. Be able to explain how the competitive exclusion principal reduces competition. Succession (14.5) 1. Be able to explain the process of primary and secondary succession. a. What are the differences? b. Which takes place at a faster rate? Why? 2. Be able to identify organisms that are characteristic of each stage of succession. 3. What is a pioneer species and what is their role in succession? Environmental Issues (16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5) | Everything from this section up on test 1. Give examples of renewable and nonrenewable resources. What is the importance of resource management? 2. Be able to explain the causes, effects, and solutions to: a. Air Quality: 1. Air pollution, smog, acid rain, green house effect b. Water Quality: 1. Water pollution 2. Understand biomagnification, the accumulation of toxins, and how they travel up the food chain/trophic levels. a. Do fat soluble pollutants get stored in an organisms body? c. Threats to biodiversity: 1. Non‐native species: How do they disrupt the ecosystem? 2. Assess the consequences of the loss of biodiversity 3. Explain how an umbrella species can protect an entire ecosystem. 4. Define sustainable development and describe some of its methods.